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Wherefore art thou, Romeo? Davis!

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Romeo and Juliet, the original romantic comedy, is coming to UC Davis’ Arboretum thanks to a new group on campus, the Davis Shakespeare Ensemble. Performances will be held Sept. 17 to 19 and 23 to 26 at 8 p.m. in the Arboretum Gazebo. Tickets are $5 for students.

Director Rob Salas has helmed shows at Harvard University, DAT in New York, UC Irvine, New Village Arts in San Diego, the South Coast Repertory and the Utah Shakespeare Festival.

Romeo and Juliet will be the Davis Shakespeare Ensemble’s first-ever production. Salas said he is confident that the show will be a success.

“Though it’s our first show, we’re experienced, confident and will impress our audience with a high level of skill and execution,” he said.

The company boasts cast members from the UC Davis Theater department and Studio 301, which last year performed Hair and A Midsummer Night’s Dream.

Some noteworthy cast members include Gia Batista, Steph Hankinson and Salas himself. Michael Lutheran, the ensemble’s publicity manager, said that the three are the core of the new group.

One of Shakespeare’s most beloved and well-known works, Romeo and Juliet was an obvious choice for the Shakespeare Ensemble’s first performance. Salas said he believes most people can connect to the love story and Shakespeare’s expertly crafted characters.

“The play will always endure as a performance,” he said. “Not only does the study of love resonate in a live performance, but its beautiful poetry, hilarious characters and possibly the best fight scenes ever written will always make it a great show for any theater company to produce.”

Impressed by the dedication and skill of the company, the Arboretum directors agreed to co-produce the production.

“It was the first project done jointly with the company, and we really enjoyed working with them,” said Elaine Fingerett, Arboretum academic coordinator.

The Arboretum’s Gazebo proved to be an ideal setting for Shakespeare’s classic tale. Surrounded by moon flowers, the Gazebo provides an enchanting setting for the two star-crossed lovers to profess their eternal love.

“The Gazebo is wonderfully romantic, and [director] Rob was actually inspired by the location,” Fingerett said. “The Arboretum is really thrilled and excited to bring live theater of this caliber to our public garden.”

The romantic atmosphere also meant that the performance space would be more intimate. The venue only accommodates 70 people per show. The Ensemble specifically chose to sacrifice space in order to make it more accessible to students.

“This is one of the many exciting ways people can have a relationship with the Arboretum,” Fingerett said.

The show will offer a new feature not commonly seen in the play: a very truncated cast.

“The cast size is one element that will make our Romeo and Juliet unique,” Salas said. “We decided to cast only seven actors who will assume one to three roles each. Each actor’s multiple roles make sense for the storytelling, and I think it will shine a new light on some characters.”

Salas said the high point of the play is the death scene of the feuding rivals Mercutio and Tybalt.

“This is when the two plots of the Romeo and Juliet (the marriage and the rivalry) converge, and the messy result is what shapes the tragic end.”

Salas added, “The actor playing Mercutio in our show, Mark Ferrando, is doing a spectacular job so far and I am sure he will deliver a memorable performance.”

Even though Romeo and Juliet is considered by some to be one of the most intricate and complicated stories to portray, rehearsals have gone smoothly. Salas said the most challenging aspect of the play is the fight scenes.

“Our fight choreographer, Gabe Rosa, is a very experienced martial artist, and he is working hard to make these fights as epic as possible,” Salas said. “It’s going to result in some awesome fight scenes.”

BRITTANY PEARLMAN can be reached at arts@theaggie.org.

Aggies drop first three

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It was a tough week for UC Davis, but the Aggies can take some solace in the fact that they have shown some team growth in the early parts of 2010.

Monday – Miami (Ohio) 4, UC Davis 2

UC Davis was hoping to get off to a quick start in their second season as a program, but the Aggies fell behind early against the Redhawks on neutral ground in Berkeley, Calif.

Miami’s Jackie Nguyen scored on a penalty corner just three minutes into the match and UC Davis fell down 1-0.

Nguyen added a second goal in the seventh minute to put the Aggies down by two goals early in their season opener.

But the Aggies battled back.

UC Davis trimmed the deficit to one in the 31st minute on a goal from sophomore Nadia Namdari.

The Aggies held Miami scoreless for the remainder of the first half, and the game went to half at the score of 2-1.

UC Davis scored first in the second half when Emily Mecke found the net on a pass from Namdari in the 56th minute to tie the game at 2-2.

Miami killed the Aggies’ momentum, however, by retaking the lead less than a minute later on a goal from Kate Snyder.

Redhawk Mary Hull scored the final goal of the game and UC Davis fell to Miami by a score of 4-2.

Although her team did not get the victory, coach Vianney Campos was not disappointed with the way her team performed.

“We did the things we came out to do,” said Campos. “Being down 2-0 to a tough opponent who’s very fit was tough for us to handle previously and this year I think we adjusted a lot better.”

Friday – No. 20 Stanford 3, UC Davis 1

UC Davis fell behind early for their second straight game when they played at nationally-ranked Stanford on Friday.

The Cardinal took a lead in the 6th minute on a goal by Becky Dru.

Dru scored again for Stanford just over a minute later, and the Aggies were down 2-0.

Again, however, UC Davis pressed forward.

Aggie sophomore Lindsey Valadez scored on a penalty corner in the 23rd minute, and the game went to halftime at the score of 2-1.

Stanford scored again in the 46th minute on a goal by Emily Henricksson, and the contest ended at 3-1 in favor of the Cardinal.

There were a few bright spots for the Aggies.

UC Davis sophomore goalkeeper Lauren Sawvelle posted a career-high 17 saves in the match, and the Aggies showed significant improvement over last season’s match at Stanford when they lost 11-1.

Sunday – California 5, UC Davis 1

The Aggies fell behind in the first half again on the road against California.

Bear Andrea Earle scored in the 29th minute to give California the lead, and the score was 1-0 at half.

UC Davis sophomore Marissa Hughes scored the equalizer just two minutes into the second half, but unfortunately for UC Davis, California’s Erin Magill scored just six minutes later to retake the lead at 2-1.

The Bears proceeded to score three more goals on their way to a 5-1 defeat of the Aggies.

UC Davis will have three more road games before they open their home schedule against California on Sept. 25.

TREVOR CRAMER can be reached at sports@theaggie.org.

Aggie Digest

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The UC Davis cross-country team opened up its season at home this weekend against rival Sacramento St. in the Aggie Open.

Junior Jonathan Peterson led the men’s team by posting a time of 17:31 in the 5900 m to give the Aggies 15 points against the rival Hornets. Junior Krista Drechsler ran a 13:33 in the 4000 m to lead the women in the 47-16 win over the Hornets.

Seniors Jonathan Sees and Calvin Thigpen placed second and third on the men’s side with times of 18:00 and 18:04, respectively.

Junior Sarah Sumpter finished second on the women’s side with a time of 18:34 while junior Samantha Kearney finished fourth with a time of 13:58.

UC Davis returns to action Saturday, Sept. 11 as the Aggies compete in the Hornet Jamboree, hosted by Sacramento State.

– Jason Alpert

America through the eyes of a Chicano artist

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Vivid colors and emotional scenes tell a story of both hope and heartbreak in “My America,” a solo exhibition by UC Davis professor Carlos Francisco Jackson at Woodland’s Gallery 625. About 20 of Jackson’s silk screens will be on display until Sept. 28.

Carlos Francisco Jackson is an alumnus of UC Davis who received a bachelor’s degree in Community and Regional Development and a Master of Fine Arts in Painting. Jackson is a recipient of the Robert Arneson Award for excellence in the MFA program. He is currently an Assistant Professor in the Chicano Studies Program and the director of Taller Arte del Nuevo Amanecer (TANA) a community art center in Woodland.

Through his work with TANA, which translates to “Art Workshop of the New Dawn,” Jackson has created a strong following of both Woodland residents as well as former students, many of which have had opportunities to work in this fully functioning silk screening studio, or have been exhibited in the gallery and exhibition space.

“Carlos is a good artist and a fantastic silk screener,” said Malaquis Montoya, professor in the Chicano Studies Program. “He does a lot of photo documentary and historic photos of events. His silk screens are very large and very colorful and are reproductions of those photos. ”

The exhibition is largely made up of Jackson’s own interpretation of events that have shaped the cultural consciousness of America, with a definite Chicano perspective. His work depicts significant events and people such as Robert F. Kennedy and César Chavez meeting in Delano, the Montgomery Bus Boycott, as well as the Braceros departing Mexico City for California.

“I think well of Carlos, ” said Kevin Johnson, a colleague of Jackson and professor in the Chicano Studies department, in an e-mail interview. “[His art] is tied to the activism, the community and social justice – much like the work of his mentor Professor Malaquis Montoya.”

The gallery is curated by Yolo Arts, a non-profit organization founded in 1981 to further the arts and culture of the county. The gallery hosts rotating shows monthly and features Yolo County artists. Its mission is to cultivate and advocate support for all arts, to participate in advancement of arts education in schools and the community, as well as to foster communication among artists, businesses, education, government and the residents of Yolo County.

Casey Schell, special projects assistant at Yolo Arts, said she expects a big turnout for Jackson’s exhibition.

“He is pretty well known not only through Davis but also through his work with TANA. He both lives and works here, and we’re hoping some of his students will come in.”

Montoya said he has confidence that Jackson will continue to have great success, both in his art and his work with TANA.

“He’s a great worker and I was glad when he was hired at Chicano studies and became a coworker of mine,” Montoya said. “He is good for the department and the university and I am glad I was able to work with him. I think TANA is going to develop and turn into something very positive for the Woodland community and the University Outreach Program.”

Located in the Erwin Meier Administration Building, 625 Court St. in Woodland, Gallery 625 is open from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday. Most of Jackson’s work, along with his book “Chicana and Chicano Art: ProtestArte” will be available for purchase.

ANASTASIA ZHURAVLEVA can be reached at arts@theaggie.org.

Women’s Soccer Preview

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Event: University of Oregon Nike Invitational

Teams: UC Davis at University of Oregon; UC Davis vs. Oregon State

Where: Pape Field – Eugene, Ore.

When: Friday at 7:30 p.m.; Sunday at 11 a.m.

Who to watch: It’s early in the season, but already Allison Kelly has shown that she is a presence on the soccer pitch.

In their exhibition game against Saint Mary’s, the women’s soccer team posted seven shots-three of which came from Allison Kelly. The Sacramento, Calif. native did one better in the Aggies’ opener against Sac State, scoring her first collegiate goal.

“She’s a tricky kid,” said women’s soccer coach Maryclaire Robinson. “She has excellent movement off the ball-and that makes her hard to defend. She has become an impact player. It’s been very good to watch her develop.”

Did you know? Oregon and Oregon State are the only Pac-10 teams that the Aggies will play during the season. After the tournament, the Aggies will come back to Davis after their road trip for their home opener.

Preview: Sometimes success comes easy. Most of the time, however, you have to work for it.

The Aggies certainly worked for it in their 1-0 against Sac State. They set the pace early and kept the Hornets on their heels.

“We had a great run of play, a lot of pressure, and a lot of shots on goal,” said Robinson. “We did a great job of stealing momentum.”

The Aggies went on to record six shots in the first period and would weather a barrage of 10 shots from Sac State in the second period. UC Davis will need to continue to push the tempo and remain aggressive as they take on the Pac-10.

The Oregon Ducks look to get back on track after a crushing 1-0 loss to No. 21 Oklahoma State in overtime. And, while the Ducks came up on the short end of the stick, their rival Oregon St. handed the University of Seattle a trouncing. In addition, while the Ducks seemed sluggish, the Beavers gained momentum by taking nine shots in the first period.

“Whenever you play a Pac-10 team, you know they come with experience,” said Robinson. “[Both teams] are athletic, have good size and attacking players who score.”

Still, she remains optimistic.

“I think we play an exciting style of soccer. If we can score and work on team play, we can sneak a couple of wins.”

– Matt Wang

Men’s Water Polo Preview

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Event: UC Davis at Cal

Teams: Aggies, 0-0; Bears; 0-0

Where: Spieker Aquatics Complex – Berkeley, Calif.

When: Saturday, 10 a.m.

Who to watch: Defense is going to be the focal point of the season, and goalie and team captain Kevin Peat has the chance to lead the Aggies from goal.

In last season’s loss against the Bears, the native of Walnut Creek, Calif. registered seven saves.

“It’s great for us to have him in the cage,” said coach Steve Doten. “If our defense breaks down, he comes up big for us with a huge save.”

Did you know? At this time last year, Cal was ranked third in the nation. In the same preseason poll for this season, Cal owns the top spot above UCLA and Stanford at second and third, respectively.

Still, this doesn’t faze the Aggies.

“[UC Berkeley] is already talking about a national championship,” Doten said. “That’s okay with our guys. We want to compete and go against the best team in the country.”

Preview: Teams representing UC Davis face challenges and obstacles throughout the season. They put up with long road trips, came face to face with defeat and experienced the sweet taste of victory.

But some teams under the Aggie banner also experienced the anxiety of being cut. One season after several water sports were on the chopping block and at risk of being cut from the UC Davis sports budget, the men’s water polo team is poised to let the administration know that they made the correct choice in keeping them.

“We’re still affected by budget constraints,” Doten said. “But we’re not taking [the decision] lightly. We really appreciate that this year; we can represent this university, this institution. [We] are going to give 100%. We’re not taking anything for granted.”

The Aggies will need to give 100% as five of the six head-to-head matches for UC Davis are against opponents ranked in the top 25 in the nation.

Doten, however, sees a stingy defense as the Aggies’ best way of making a statement in the Big West Conference. The defense has an opportunity to do so against the Bears, who handed a 12-4 drubbing to the Aggies last season.

“Last season, we did well when our defense was the best part of the game,” said Doten. “A lot of our guys are coming back. Our defense will keep us competitive.”

The men’s water polo squad is not the only UC Davis team that Cal will play host to as the Aggies will also challenge the Bears on the gridiron.

“Hopefully both UC Davis teams can go out there, challenge Cal and get an upset or two.”

– Matt Wang

Aggies start season on right foot

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It’s always great to win games, even if it is just the preseason.

UC Davis got off to just the start they were looking for in their first two exhibition games last week, and they went a long way toward showing where the scoring would come from this season.

Thursday – UC Davis 6, Dominican 0

The Aggies did not wait long to show their offense was alive and well.

UC Davis scored their first goal of 2010 season in just the 9th minute when sophomore Dan Reese knocked in a shot from close range off an assist from freshman Alex Henry.

The Aggies netted their second goal just 19 minutes later, when junior Lance Patterson took a pass from junior Rene Cuellar and tapped it into the net on his first touch.

Midfielder Jason Santos scored on a penalty kick in the 40th minute and UC Davis went to halftime with a 3-0 lead.

In the second half the Aggies picked up right where they left off. Alex Henry fired in a brilliant shot from the top of the box that flew into the net to the left of the goalkeeper.

It was just the way the Poway, Calif. native would have wanted to start his collegiate career, and coach Dwayne Shaffer was impressed by the effort.

“He had an excellent first game,” Shaffer said. “As a true freshman that shot was outstanding.”

“I knew I could step up to the collegiate level,” Henry said. “I knew my first game would be a good test. I just did my best to keep focused.”

Dan Reese scored his second goal of the game in the 85th minute, capping a very strong season debut in his new role as an attacking player.

“Dan had a great game,” Shaffer said. “Scoring two goals in his first real game as a striker was excellent. He is big, fast, and strong and he played really well technically.”

Reese knew that his two goals were the products of hard work and team play.

“I’ve been working on my shots and my runs all offseason,” Reese said. “Our whole team played really well and our passing was really good.”

Alex Henry got his second assist of the night as his corner kick was knocked into the goal by senior Nathan Javadi to give the Aggies 6-0 win.

The UC Davis defense dominated the Dominican attack the entire game. The Aggies did not allow the Penguins a single shot in the entire game.

Sunday – UC Davis 1, Chico State 0

UC Davis had to wait a little longer to score in their second exhibition.

Despite having 10 shots in the first half, the Aggies were unable to find the back of the net and the game went to halftime scoreless.

But UC Davis started the second half with a bang.

In the 47th minute Nick Grigoriev headed the ball into the net following a pass from Lance Patterson.

The Aggies were unable to net another goal in the game, despite having 20 shots. One goal, however, was all UC Davis needed to get the win. Their veteran defensive line held their opponent scoreless for the second straight game as the Wildcats posted only three shots, none of which were on goal.

UC Davis will begin their regular season schedule on the road against Cal State Bakersfield, and will make their regular season home debut Sunday when they take on the Spartans of San Jose State.

TREVOR CRAMER can be reached at sports@theaggie.org.

Football Preview

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Event: UC Davis at California

Records: Aggies, 0-0; Golden Bears, 0-0

Where: Memorial Stadium – Berkeley, Calif.

When: Saturday at 1 p.m.

Who to watch: Redshirt freshman quarterback Randy Wright made his first appearance as the Aggies’ starting quarterback in Friday’s annual Blue and Gold scrimmage. He threw for 244 yards and three touchdowns.

The Santa Rosa, Calif. native captured all-state honors at Cardinal Newman High School and was named All-North Bay League Co-MVP after leading the Cardinals to the California Division III Bowl Championship game.

“[Wright] is doing fine,” Biggs said before Friday’s scrimmage. “I have complete confidence in him, I really do.”

Preview: By September 30, 1939, the Cal Bears had competed in the Rose Bowl four times. Additionally, under then head coach Leonard “Stub” Allison, they had won the Pacific Coast Conference championship in 1937 and shared the title in 1935 and 1938.

The UC Davis Aggies, on the other hand, led by coach Vern Hickey, represented a branch of Berkeley’s College of Agriculture when they last faced the Bears 71 years ago.

Despite the contrast between the two squads in the 1939 matchup, San Francisco Chronicle sportswriter Art Rosenbaum wrote that the Aggies were not “snuffed out by this ferocious Bear.” Instead, the Aggies “rose up and took a Sunday punch right at the big Bear’s snout.”

UC Davis and Cal records say the Bears won that game 32-14. However, The California Aggie noted afterward that at the end of two hours, the time originally allotted for the game, UC Davis was ahead 14-12. It was only after playing for an extended amount of time that Cal triumphed over the upstart farm school.

“We were just a fledgling program in the 1930s,” said head coach Bob Biggs. “Our enrollment was only 1,000 or so, but we still had a football team. And it was just as important for those guys as it is for our team today.”

Over the years, UC Davis has grown to an enrollment of over 32,000 and developed a football team on the rise that competes with high-caliber opponents every season.

Since the move to the Football Championship Subdivision of Division I in 2003, clashes with Stanford, Texas Christian University, Fresno State and Boise State have been some of the highlights for the Aggie program.

“In each of those games we were able to hold our own and we competed very well,” Biggs said.

Biggs believes that the key to playing Cal on Saturday is “finding the tempo early in the game,” just like the team did when it defeated Stanford 20-17 in 2005.

“We were down 14-0, but we were able to weather the storm, settle in and say, ‘hey, we can play with these folks.’

“It’s hard to simulate the speed that a Football Bowl Subdivision school has. It’s how we adjust to that speed early in the game against Cal that will determine how we play, and that’s going to be the test.”

To help find its rhythm, UC Davis will look to the defensive side of the ball – an aspect of the Aggies’ game that Biggs feels is in pretty good shape.

“We’ll have good depth on the defensive line and a lot of players will make contributions,” he said. “Bobby Erskine, in particular, should have a good year.”

Overall, Biggs says his team sees the upcoming game against Cal as a challenge.

“It’s another opportunity,” he said, “no different than Boise last year, Texas Christian the year before and Stanford in 2005, to play up a level and compete. This is a chance to play against the most established of the UC schools, and it’ll be fun for everyone involved.”

– Grace Sprague

Field Hockey Preview

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Teams: UC Davis vs. Miami (OH); at No. 20 Stanford; at California

Records: Aggies, 0-0; Red Hawks 1-0; Cardinal 1-0, Bears 0-1

Where: Berkeley, Calif.; Stanford, Calif.; Berkeley, Calif.

When: Monday at 12 p.m.; Friday at 7 p.m.; Sunday at 1 p.m.

Who to watch: Sophomore Lydia Brambila was named to the NorPac All-Tournament Team last season, and will be expected to be a key part of the Aggies success in 2010.

The Fallbrook, Calif. native had an assist in UC Davis’ exhibition win against Pacific last week.

Did you know? UC Davis will begin their NorPac Conference schedule against No. 20 Stanford in just their second game of the season.

Last year the Cardinal finished first in the NorPac West Division with a conference record of 5-1. Stanford opened its season last week with a 6-0 win over Pacific.

Preview: 2010 is just the second season for field hockey at UC Davis, but the Aggies are planning to make a big jump from last year.

That jump begins in training.

“Our practices have been great,” said coach Vianney Campos. “The first week we came in with a chip on our shoulder. Our team was unsatisfied with last season, not because we played poorly but because we wanted more. We’ve even been able to cancel some practices because we’ve accomplished so much.”

Part of the reason the Aggies have been practicing so hard is that they now have a full year of college field hockey experience under their belts.

“There are two big differences between this year’s squad and last year’s,” Campos said. “Firstly, this year everyone is on the same page. Last year it was tough for a team of all freshmen to make the transition from high school to college. Secondly, we aren’t playing as individuals anymore. We’re returning our same core of starters and the experience they have together has helped our chemistry as a team.”

The Aggies are hoping that this experience will lead to more victories this season.

Their goals are to maintain their composure in the mental aspect of the game.

“This season we need to make sure we don’t lose games we should win,” Campos said. “We lost a lot of one-goal games last year and that stems from the mental part of the game.”

The Aggies are off to a good start. They controlled their first exhibition of the season, defeating division-rival Pacific 2-1 in Stockton.

“Against Pacific we played really well as a unit,” Campos said. “We set the tone early, and our players reacted perfectly to in-game adjustments.”

UC Davis will try to keep that momentum going as they enter the regular season this week, and they believe that they can play with anyone.

“We think that we should challenge every team we play,” said Campos. “We have a never say die attitude.”

– Trevor Cramer

Aggie Digest

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Women’s Volleyball

The UC Davis women’s volleyball team headed to the Beehive State hoping to come away with a victory. Unfortunately, the Aggies struggled in their first two games of the year to fall to 0-2 on the season.

The Utah Utes topped the Aggies in the first game of the Utah Classic, 25-22, 25-23, 16-25, 25-23.

Junior Katie Denny led all Aggies with 16 kills and junior Betsy Sedlak had 15 kills. Senior Kayla Varney had 18 digs to bring her career total to 1,014. Varney becomes the sixth Aggie to surpass the millennium mark in digs in a career.

UC Davis followed up its tough loss to the Utes by falling in the battle of Aggies Saturday afternoon.

UC Davis was swept by Utah St. in straight sets 25-21, 25-21, 25-21.

Varney led the Aggies with 12 kills, seven digs and two service aces. Senior Melanie Adams added four kills and five digs. UC Davis hit just .184 as opposed to .247 the night before against the Utes.

UC Davis will continue its preseason play at the Southern Methodist University Doubletree Open next weekend.

JASON ALPERT can be reached at sports@theaggie.org.

Preventing the dreaded knee injury

A recent UC Davis Human Performance Laboratory study found that landing on the toes after a forward jump cuts forces on the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in half, potentially preventing the ACL from snapping.

The study, led by neurobiology, physiology and behavior professor David Hawkins, outfitted 14 female high school and college basketball players with sensors and reflectors and asked them to perform a jump-stop movement on camera. Typically, when a player leaps forward to plant both feet (a jump-stop), she will land on her heels, which transfers most of the force to her knees.

The researchers then asked the subjects to do a second jump-stop, this time landing on their toes. All 14 subjects reduced shear (back-and-forth) forces between the thighbone and shinbone by an average of 56 percent.

Keith Baar, assistant professor of neurology, physiology, and behavior, described safe jump-stop form as nearly identical to proper squat form.

“When you’re doing squats, the feet need to be ahead of the knees. That way, the force is transferred off the knees, onto the feet and muscles,” Baar said.

Protecting the knee is important even in squats, and the stakes get higher as the forces on the knee increase.

The ACL is one of the two ligaments that run through the core of the knee in an X shape, linking the thighbone and shinbone together. Ligaments are the connective tissues that hold bones together, like thick rubber bands. Unlike the muscles, ligaments can’t contract to create movement: they prevent movements instead, stabilizing joints and keeping the bones from sliding out of place.

ACL tears happen when the shinbone (tibia) is jarred out of place, whether by an impact or by the forces created by dodging, stopping suddenly or landing from a jump. Since 100 percent of the study’s subjects reduced these shear forces by landing on their toes, this modification seems like an obvious way to prevent ACL tears.

But the problem is that athletes in high school and college, who are most likely to be injured, have already established ligament-damaging movements into their muscle-memory, said UC Davis women’s basketball coach Sandy Simpson.

“The problem is incorporating the findings into the athletes’ habits,” said Simpson. “When they get to our level, the movements are ingrained. At the younger levels, it would help to have that kind of training.”

Early preventative training is the focus of Gretchen Casazza’s latest research. Casazza, the research director for UC Davis Sports Medicine, is developing an electronic training device: a portable sensor that attaches to the knees or ankles to monitor the player’s positioning. The sensor will have a feedback feature, like a vibration, in response to an incorrect position.

Casazza has been working with her daughter’s soccer team since the girls were eight, and now they’re 14 – the age at which ligament-saving training drills become crucial. Her invention, combined with Hawkins study, provides a good theoretical basis for developing such drills for young athletes.

“Just knowing the biomechanics and what goes wrong isn’t enough,” said Casazza. “You need to know how to develop a strength program that can prevent these injuries.”

EMILY GOYINS can be reached at science@theaggie.org.

Rollercoaster science:

Cassandra Swett never expected that a field of corn would be her undoing. But there it was, her cornfield, ransacked by hungry crows. Her project destroyed.

Swett, a UC Davis grad student studying plant pathology, planted 2,000 corn seeds this summer. They were test plants that would show Swett whether a fungus that infects pine trees could also infect corn. This year’s plants were a do-over, a retrial after her plants last year died from lack of water.

“That was Cassandra’s crash course in corn farming,” she said.

This new batch of seeds were planted in shallow seedbeds and given plenty of water. Problem solved.

“That was the worst thing we could have done,” Swett said.

The baby plants quickly grew healthy little leaves – unfurled like signal flags for hungry crows. Only two plants survived the attack.

“The field season is such a pain,” she said.

Field season is the time of year when researchers test ideas. Scientists who study the environment take their carefully planned experiments outside and pray nature cooperates. This summer, hundreds of UC Davis researchers are trekking out to forests and farms, hoping for the best.

We were all taught back in grade school that scientists follow an orderly method. Make an observation, form a hypothesis and then experiment. Analyze the results, and you have a tidy little science project.

In real life, plants don’t grow, crows gobble up your data and time runs out.

“Grad students often spend their first field season just practicing,” said Swett.

Luckily, Swett’s project is back on track. She planted seeds again, accounting for drought and crows, and they’re doing fine. If all goes well, she shouldn’t have to do any more field-tests for this project.

“You never know,” she said. “In field studies you just have to be respectful of the chaos.”

“Prepare to fail,” warned Yao Hua Law.

Law is a UC Davis grad student studying insects. He’s spent the last three summers driving between Davis and Bakersfield looking for big-eye bugs. Big-eye bugs are an important predator in agricultural areas. They are only about three millimeters long and sometimes hard to find.

“I’ve had times where I go out and the insects are very low density,” Law said.

Bakersfield in the summer is not a place to visit without good reason. Temperatures there average around 98 degrees and spike up to the 110s on occasion. It’s the sort of dry heat where a breeze never even arrives to cool-off your dripping sweat. Finding an elusive bug in those conditions can be frustrating.

Law grew up in Malaysia, so he’s used to the heat, but he has to prepare the other students on his team for the weather.

“If you don’t expect it, it’s going to be worse,” Law said.

Law thought he’d be done with his project last summer. This year, he’s trying to remain optimistic. He drives south and reminds himself that there are no such things as bad data. During a phone interview, Law said he’d finish in about two months, if everything went well. Then he laughed.

“The major challenge of doing fieldwork is coping with the uncertainty you face in the field,” Law said.

Sometimes birds don’t just attack corn, they attack you.

Last summer, Corinne Ross, an intern with the National Parks Service and recent Cal Poly graduate, used the summer field season to study hawks in Northern California.

Ross helped a graduate student scale trees and trap hawks. The project had a major flaw: two hawks guarded each nest. Trap one, and its enraged partner would swoop from above.

One day, as the graduate student was high up in a tree, Ross heard a noise.

“All of a sudden, I hear this sound that sounds like a fighter pilot coming down,” she said.

She watched the student flail, but she couldn’t help him.

“I couldn’t throw a rock at it – I probably would have hit the [graduate] student anyway,” said Ross.

Between crop failure, heat stroke and hawk-drama, a field season is never predictable. But once a scientist survives a few undergraduate and graduate field seasons, things are bound to improve.

Last summer, Ross found that isolation in the woods was a big problem. The town she lived in had only 87 people, and the nearest grocery store was 30 miles away. The rare cross-state road trip to Taco Bell was a luxury.

This summer, things are better. She’s finding plenty of the birds she studies, and there’s a larger town just 55 miles away.

“It has an Arby’s!” said Ross.

Like Law said, you have to stay optimistic during the field season.

MADELINE MCCURRY-SCHMIDT can be reached at science@theaggie.org.

Downtown lights become environment-friendly

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Energy-efficient lights will soon be brightening up downtown Davis.

As part of its goal to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the City of Davis plans to retrofit core lighting in 10 parking areas in downtown Davis. Locations include E Street Plaza, Amtrak and FedEx parking lots. Light fixtures at the Central Park Pavilion, where the Farmers Market is held, will also be upgraded to low-energy lights.

On July 12, the city issued a request for proposals to provide cost-effective solutions to implement the project. The deadline was then extended to Aug. 24 when the minimum number of bids was not met.

“We extended the proposals period in order to give more time to firms, and part of that is to give out more information,” said Mitch Sears, sustainability programs manager for the city. “The period is now closed and we are in the process of evaluating [the submissions].”

A contract will be awarded to the chosen firm by the end of September and work will begin afterward, Sears said. The city plans to complete the retrofit of the 142 lights by the end of the year.

Currently, the light fixtures in the downtown parking areas burn between 70-400 Watts. While many of these lights are controlled by photocell daylight sensors and used only from dusk to dawn, some lights, such as the 400 Watt lights in the Regal Cinema parking garage, are on 24-hours per day.

“We’re doing this now because technology has evolved to practical and cost-effective ways of reducing energy usage,” Sears said.

Bi-level induction and LED are the more energy-efficient light sources that the city intends to use for this project. These light sources only use between 40-200 Watts, saving the city energy, as well as money.

“Another primary driver is the cost-savings potential of this project,” Sears said.

About 4,000 lights line the streets and parking areas around Davis, and an additional 1,000 lights brighten the parks and greenbelt pathways. Each year it costs the city $520,000 to power and maintain these light fixtures.

The replacement of these lights will lower the cost of energy and maintenance, Sears said.

The cost of replacing the lights is funded by the General Facilities Development Fees, which Davis collects to finance development projects to upgrade and improve city infrastructure.

“A portion of the money saved from the lowered cost of energy will be used to repay the account, somewhere from six to seven years time,” Sears said. “These lights will also have lower cost of maintenance, as they will last 20 years or more.”

This energy-saving project is one of many plans of action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The Climate Action and Adaptation Plan, recently passed by city actions, was proposed by the Climate Action Team, a Davis ad-hoc group formed to develop cost-effective and energy-efficient strategies. Private and public organizations form this coalition, including the UC Davis Sustainability Committee and PG&E.

“The city is looking to become more efficient to reduce greenhouse gas and energy use to lower the community’s carbon footprint,” Sears said. “We’re all just trying to do our part.”

SARAHNI PECSON can be reached at city@theaggie.org

Science after an island apocalypse

It started with a daring escape.

Kasatochi, a small island in Alaska’s Aleutian island chain, was a wildlife refuge for sea lions, seals and seabirds. Emerald-green land surrounded a crater that held a strikingly blue lake.

In August of 2008, Kasatochi was also home to two biologists from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The biologists studied the nesting habits of seabirds on the island. But that summer, as they tromped around the island, they felt the ground shake.

“We were uncertain as to where the seismic activity was coming from,” said Christopher Waythomas, acting scientist in charge of the Alaska Volcano Observatory. “Kasatochi is one of those volcanoes that we haven’t paid a lot of attention.”

Seismic readings from instruments positioned on nearby islands helped the scientists narrow the activity down to Kasatochi. On the night of Aug. 6, 2008, Waythomas’ team sent the word.

“The Alaska Volcano Observatory told the refuge ‘you’ve got get those people off the island immediately,'” said Tony DeGange. project manager for the U.S. Geological Survey.

There was a hitch. A nearby Coast Guard helicopter – the closest chance for rescue – was down for repairs. Eventually, a local fishing boat volunteered to pick them up. They left the island on the afternoon of Aug. 7.

Thirty minutes later, the volcano erupted. Hot ash, tens of meters deep, fell on the island. Everything died.

The ash plume reached 40,000 feet into the sky, and the sulfur dioxide cloud released in the explosion was big enough to circle the globe twice. Airline pilots reported the smell of sulfur in airplane cabins.

“We’d never really dealt with something like this before,” Waythomas said.

Two summers later, Kasatochi is making news as life hesitantly returns. Derek Sikes, an entomologist from the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, has visited the island multiple times to study the arthropod life after the eruption. After the first summer, he found a centipede, a spider, several beetles and some ticks. The majority of the survivors were found on a cliff system that hadn’t been hit directly by ash.

This summer, new species arrived. Sikes found a new spider and a colony of arthropods called springtails.

“There were some coming in on driftwood,” Sikes said. “That’s a good sign.”

Plants also appeared after the explosion. Rye grass is spreading in areas where the ash has eroded away.

“Despite the apparent catastrophic eruption, some organisms were able to survive,” DeGange said.

Sikes explained that new organisms get to the island through three different methods: wind, water and animal hosts. This is the same slow process that turned the volcanic Hawaiian Islands into a diverse ecosystem.

The chance to watch species re-populate the island is a new opportunity for many biologists. As biodiversity grows on Kasatochi, biologists will get to watch the process that Charles Darwin proposed. When Darwin studied finches on the Galapagos Islands, he wondered how they got there. Why they were similar, but not identical, to finches on the mainland. He believed the birds migrated to the islands and survived through evolution – they weren’t just placed there by God.

Darwin saw the Galapagos and worked backwards to figure out the origin of those species. With Kasatochi, biologists today get to see island colonization in action. They’re seeing the “before” while Darwin saw the “after.”

“It’s fascinating having seen the loss and the gain, the fledgling ecosystem assembling itself,” Sikes said.

MADELINE McCURRY-SCHMIDT can be reached at science@theaggie.org

UC Davis doesn’t make the grade

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As high school seniors begin applying to colleges, the college rating system and website “What Will They Learn?” has graded universities across the nation based on the quality of their general education requirements – and the results are not good for UC Davis.

“What Will They Learn?” a project of the American Council of Trustees and Alumni (ACTA), gave UC Davis an ‘F’, based on its failure to require more than one of the seven core subjects identified by researchers as most crucial to a quality education.

Of the seven core subjects, only foreign language was deemed a satisfactory requirement.

No credit was given for composition because students can test out of entry-level writing through SAT or ACT scores. The U.S. Government or History requirement can also be avoided through high school study. Since science and mathematics are included in the same topical breadth requirement, one or the other may be avoided. The study also found that no literature or economics are included in general education.

The researchers behind the ratings maintain that universities must guide their students towards broad subjects that will prepare them for life after college. Schools that did not receive passing grades may not be mandating that students take a wide enough variety of classes.

“An 18-year-old freshman is not in a position to build his or her own curriculum. What I hear a lot is, well, I’m paying for these classes and I should take whatever I want. The difficulty is that you may not realize at the time what you actually need,” said David Azerrad, senior researcher for the ACTA. “It may turn out that once you graduate, you realize that you have very poor writing skills, and it would have been a good idea if you had a composition course, and so on with the other subjects we look at.”

Patricia Turner, vice-provost for undergraduate studies, agrees that UC Davis may have relatively few requirements that some students may test out of, but said that this demonstrates the university’s respect for students’ accomplishments. She argues that it is a better use of financial and academic resources to allow advanced students to test out of certain requirements and focus more on their major.

“For students majoring in the humanities and arts, if they have already demonstrated high math abilities just to get here, there’s no academic reason to require, for example, a history major to take advanced calculus,” Turner said in an e-mail interview. “For those students who select majors that will require more advanced skills, we certainly do have requirements integral to those majors for those subject areas.”

But to Azzerad, college is a time for broadening horizons and becoming citizens well-versed in several areas of study. It is up to the university to ensure that students graduate with an understanding of the core subjects examined in the study, he said.

“College is kind of a gray area between being a kid and an adult, so if you assume you want more fully the responsibilities of citizenship, look to the rest of your life to think of why these subjects will matter,” Azzerad said. “And that’s why the universities are in a much better position to require these subjects. They are the adults, and they are the ones who are educating them.”

UC Berkeley, UC Irvine, UC Santa Barbara and UC Santa Cruz also received F’s. UCLA, UC Merced, UC Riverside and UC San Diego received C’s. Sacramento State University, however, received a B.

Senior economics and technocultural studies double major Arnel Cruz was not entirely surprised to hear about the rating. As a student of liberal studies, he feels he is labeled an elitist by his peers for expressing an interest in liberal subjects, and questioned the ability of UC Davis’ general education courses to teach students to think outside the box.

“I feel that most general education classes at Davis are more about basic review of high school classes, but the true general education courses should focus on what UC Davis – a liberal studies institution – should focus on, which is liberal studies,” Cruz said. “At the end of our college experience, we should all come out with ideas on how to change the system, not just work within it. That’s what general education courses should cover: getting high school students to learn things outside what they were stuck with prior to college.”

In other college rating systems, UC Davis was ranked 306 on Forbes’ America’s Best Colleges and 39 on U.S. News and World Report’s Best Colleges rankings.

ERIN MIGDOL can be reached at features@theaggie.org.