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Monday, December 22, 2025
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Legislation in process to improve LGBT campus climate

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The Assembly Committee on Higher Education approved Assembly Bill 620, to improve the climate for Lesbian, Gay, Bi-sexual and Transgender (LGBT) students at California public colleges and universities. It passed with a 6-2 vote.

The bill, approved on March 30 and proposed by Rep. Marty Block (D-San Diego), would require that California State University and California Community Colleges to add sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression to campus anti-discrimination policies.

The bill also encourages University of California to adopt the policies, though UC is still reviewing the request.

The bill would also require that colleges create programs to train and educate their faculty on awareness and how to better understand the needs of the LGBT community at their campus. This bill would also call for an assessment of all the college campuses, to create specific lists of what each campus’ LGBT students need and how to best go about making changes.

“Our campuses should be places where all Californians feel secure and are able to develop their education and talents,” said Block in a press release. “AB 620 provides the framework to ensure all public campuses improve their campus climates for LGBT students, faculty and staff.”

The bill specifically mentions a 2009 study by the California Postsecondary Education Commission (CPEC), which found that LGBT students faced difficulties that would necessitate more campus resources and services for them to be successful in college.

“We have an obligation to all students to make sure there is an equal playing field for them to succeed,” said Mike Naple, communications director for Block, “and that adequate support is available and we know that is not the case for LGBT students at all of our public colleges and universities.”

According to Naple, with the campus assessments AB 620 calls for, CPEC would create focus groups to study the needs of LGBT students. From these they would develop recommendations of what the best courses of action would be.

The bill is sponsored by Equality California, an organization dedicated to achieving equality and legal protection for the LGBT community.

“The implications of this bill are that we need to ensure that LGBT students are free of discrimination and that they are able to access resources on campus,” said Mario Guerrero, government affairs director for Equality California, in an e-mail.

According to Naple, this bill would build on existing nondiscrimination laws related to hate violence to now include gender expression, gender identity and sexual orientation.

The bill has received widespread support from various organizations, some of which include the California Federation of Teachers, California State Students Association and Student Senate for California Community Colleges. The University of California Students’ Association sent a support letter to Block as well.

“I think it is crucial to address campus climate issues through institutional change. Implementing policies and educational trainings is a step in the right direction,” said Sheri Atkinson, director of the UC Davis LGBT Resource Center.

“It takes a commitment from the entire community to create change and to prioritize creating an inclusive campus environment that benefits all of us,” Atkinson said.

The bill will now go to the Assembly Appropriations Committee for consideration.

ANNABEL SANDHU can be reached at city@theaggie.org.

Column: Blogging to a career

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“What’s the best thing a student can do to get the job of their dreams?”

I heard journalist Ellen Ratner answering this question last summer in Washington, D.C., and her response surprised me.

“Start a blog.”

Really? I had expected her to say that you have to get perfect grades, craft an impressive resume or have an uncle who happens to be an executive at a Fortune 500 company.

For students today, the entire Internet is available for professional development, in the form of job search engines and countless tips on resumes and interviewing. But there’s a tool that few students know about: blogging for career development.

The Web makes it easy for anyone to contribute to the ever-expanding blogosphere. Your technology-challenged mom or 80-year-old grandmother can start publishing in minutes with websites like Blogspot and WordPress. There are blogs on almost any topic imaginable (celebrities’ pets, haikus about beer, cheese, etc.) and people who read them.

Of course, it’s not as simple as having just any blog. Ratner recommends that students find a niche within their field of interest.

“Figure out a specific focus and be an expert in it,” she said.

Whatever it is that you’re passionate about, be it fashion, politics, or sustainability, pick a narrow topic and talk about it from a student perspective (e.g. fashion trends for a college budget, budget cuts to UCs or environmentally conscious eating for students). Claim something as your own and be the source for it.

Using a blog to get jobs, make connections and showcase your skills is a new and underused strategy. The main benefit of a student blog is creating exposure by self-publishing. Essentially, you’re building a form of your resume online.

Blogging can also potentially benefit your actual resume. It’s hard to show your passion about something if you haven’t had a related internship. But your blog can demonstrate your enthusiasm and dedication for a particular subject or industry.

For visual media majors and writers, a blog as an online portfolio is especially valuable. Nicki Sun, who graduated last year with a degree in communication, uses her blog to showcase her work to attract future opportunities. An aspiring entertainment reporter/host, Sun says that her blog helped her land her current job at a music TV channel.

One way to generate content for your own blog is to keep an eye on industry news and developments. If you’re passionate about the field, chances are you already keep up with the industry news – you just have to provide the commentary.

My friend Chris Tung, a techie and “a huge comic book nerd,” has a blog about writing his own comic books and interning at Marvel. The blog helped him get a writing gig for a tech blog, testing out new gadgets and reviewing them. He’s gotten to do some really cool things, like attend industry conventions in New York. Not to mention, he now has an impressive portfolio of published articles.

You can also interview industry professionals for content. Many people are willing to help out students. Identify people who are doing interesting things at companies that you admire. Either by LinkedIn or e-mail, send a polite request for a brief interview. This is a valuable networking tool and blogging can be an infinite source of new contacts.

Another benefit of blogging is that it’s a great way to get your name out there. Ken Barnes, a career adviser at the Internship & Career Center, recommends starting a blog early in your academic career so that by the time you graduate, you can already have a foot in the door with an established blog. But it’s not too late for you, seniors – I just started mine two weeks ago.

Maximize the potential of your blog and send links to friends and family. Find related blogs you enjoy and link to them. You might get linked back, attracting more clicks and readers.

Stefanie Lau, who graduated in 2005, currently works at Google and writes an informative blog called “Awesome and Unemployed.” She also advises that students pick an interesting topic and just start writing about it.

“See what comes out of it … Just make sure it’s beneficial for people in some way,” she said.

Lau also suggested using tools like Google Analytics to track traffic to websites.

“Traffic can tell you if the content is resonating with people or not, and you can adjust your future posts accordingly.”

Lastly, remember to proofread and have someone else edit your posts before publication. Great content can be easily be masked by unprofessional writing. It also wouldn’t hurt to enlist the help of a friend who’s got an eye for design to help you with the layout or create a logo for your new, awesome, professional blog.

Start your blog and check out mine at careertalkwithjen.wordpress.com.

JENNIFER KIM hopes that her mom isn’t the only person reading her blog. Send links of your blogs to jsnkim@ucdavis.edu.

Campus Judicial Report

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History Not Soon Forgotten

A student was recently referred to Student Judicial Affairs (SJA) for suspected copying during his final history exam. The teaching assistant noticed suspicious behavior between the student and his neighbor during the exam, and after grading the two tests it was found that 75 percent of the answers on the Scantrons were identical to one another, including wrong answers. It was fairly easy to determine who was copying off of whom because there were two versions of the test. During his informal meeting with an SJA officer, the student admitted to copying from his friend and confirmed that the friend had no knowledge of it. The student agreed to be placed on disciplinary probation until winter 2012 and to complete 20 hours of community service. Disciplinary probation means that if the student is found in violation of another offense, he will likely be suspended or dismissed from the University of California. He also received a zero on his final exam.  

Abroad Spectrum of Consequences

A student was referred to SJA by his education abroad program as a result of an incident that had taken place overseas during winter quarter. It was reported that the student hosted a party and served alcohol, which violated both curfew regulations and the no-alcohol policies of the program. In addition, one of the partygoers had a medical emergency as a result of his alcohol consumption and was rushed to the hospital. While such violations might normally call for disciplinary actions for all parties involved, UC Davis has an informal “Good Samaritan” policy in place that encourages students to do the right thing even if it exposes behavior on their part that is not in accordance with University policies. Because the student did everything he could to ensure the safety of his inebriated friend, he was issued a non-disciplinary administrative notice from SJA.

What a Piece of Work

A junior was referred to SJA by his classics professor twice in the same quarter. When the student submitted an assignment that contained lines plagiarized from an Internet article, the professor’s suspicions were raised, and he went back to the student’s previous work and found that he had done the same thing in the past. The student admitted that he thought citing was not necessary because the sentences were “just background information,” and apologized for plagiarizing. The sanction for this offense was disciplinary probation and 10 hours of community service, and the student signed a disciplinary contract agreeing to this, acknowledging that any future violations would likely result in suspension or dismissal.  He also received a zero on both papers. However, a few days later, the student submitted his final paper for the class, which contained much of the same plagiarized material as his previous paper assignment.  His disciplinary probation had become effective immediately following his first violation, so this third violation – mere days later in the same class with the same professor and using the same piece of work – called for serious sanctions. The student was suspended for one quarter and placed on deferred separation status. One more violation and this student will be expelled from the university.

Campus Judicial Reports are compiled by members of STUDENT JUDICIAL AFFAIRS.

Column: Too young to date (online)

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Choose a word to describe yourself. Now, how accurately does that word actually define you?

I only ask this because I know we’re all lying bitches – we even lie to ourselves from time to time.

Especially on dating websites, a tool that a growing number of college students use to find potential matches. Nationwide, the billion-dollar online dating industry continues to blossom even as the economy dwindles. According to an online dating survey by onlineschools.org, 40 million Americans use the web to not only surf, but to dive into the online dating pool by registering with one of the many sites that cater to various ethnic groups, gender and sexual identities, age ranges and social classes.

When answering question after question and filling in box after box on their dating site of choice, hopeful singles are essentially doing two things: being honest in the descriptions of their ideal partner, but lying about the intricacies of their own personality or appearance. The survey mentioned above reveals American men tend to lie most about their age, height and income, while women tend to misinform suitors of their weight, physical build and age. In the interest of self-promotion, we may exaggerate personality traits a bit here or sneak in tiny fibs about our body a bit there.

Inspired by this conundrum, New York artist, composer and performer R. Luke DuBois began a research project he called “A More Perfect Union” – a project he described as his own “single census” that shows how people in different parts of the country describe themselves when looking for love.

In his essay about the project, DuBois uses information he collected from visiting over 19 million different user profiles: “I joined 21 dating sites to make my own census of the U.S. in 2010. These are my findings: a road atlas of the states, with the names of cities, towns, and neighborhoods replaced with the words people use to describe themselves and those they want to be with.”

For example, no one in Wyoming describes themselves as “naughty,” while women in Colorado have no problem throwing the word around. Men in West Virginia are more likely to say they’re “kinky” than dudes in Oklahoma. Want a rich guy? Head to Houston, Texas.

Looking at Dubois’s altered map of California, the word “adult” appears where Davis should, meaning Davisites who are single and online describe themselves as, and seek people who are, more “adult.” I guess they’ve had enough of the ever-present population of silly college students, so they turn to looking for more mature suitors online. But even some of those silly college students can benefit from online dating.

An increasingly popular free dating site among the younger demographic is OkCupid. The site primarily functions as a series of quizzes, but users can also communicate with each other via blogs, forums and “winks” (like a Facebook poke, only sexier).

Plenty of my friends have profiles and it’s pretty hip – definitely gay friendly. One friend is an online dating success story, currently dating someone he met on the site. He says, “OkCupid is great because it lets you narrow down your preferences. That’s not saying I’m picky, but you’re here to find your perfect person in the first place. Why not filter?”

Finding a match is as simple as answering questions. Then Cupid does the rest.

“It’s really easy,” said another friend. “I’d be on the bus, bored, and would pass the time just answering questions on my phone.” The more you answer, the more accurate your matches.

But both my friends are gay males. And while the filtering options available on these dating sites work really well for helping them meet other fish in a much smaller dating pool, the straight fish have it easy. They walk out their front doors and are immediately swimming in their own pool. I see much less of a need for OkCupid in their lives.

After all, the average age of online daters in the U.S. is 48. You honeybees still have plenty of time to find dates without a laptop. Enjoy your youth and the season of love – go outside to find a date. Though it may be more difficult to lie about yourself, actually meeting someone can be more revealing. If you’re still single in say, 20 years, then eHarmony it up.

In fact, I think it’s pretty difficult not to find someone on a college campus. You can join a club or an IM sports team – mutual interests are perfect conversation starters. Or start a study group and invite the cutie you have your eye on. Hell, go to a party and mingle. College is bursting with opportunity, and who knows? Maybe you’re just a game of beer pong away from meeting your soul mate.

MARIO LUGO met the love of his life at a fraternity rush event – it was the first time he drank sangria and the only time he’s been swept off his feet. Send e-mails to mlugo@ucdavis.edu.

Aggie Daily Calendar

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TODAY

Rise Up Discussion Series

Noon to 1 p.m.

LGBT Resource Center

Check out the LGBT Resource Center and join in casual discussions related to the queer community. In honor of Sexual Assault Awareness Month there will be a discussion about sexual assault and domestic violence in the queer community.

Author Event: Elizabeth Freeman’s Time Binds

Noon to 1 p.m.

UC Davis Bookstore

UC Davis English professor Elizabeth Freeman will discuss her new book Time Binds, which presents an argument that temporal and sexual dissonance are intertwined. The presentation will be followed by a Q&A period and book signing.

Poetry in the Arboretum

Noon to 1 p.m.

Wyatt Deck, UC Davis Arboretum

Burmese poet and artist Aung Aung Taik will share his work, which has been published in The New York Times, the San Francisco Chronicle and Poetry USA. Refreshments will be served.

Find a Job or Internship Workshop

3:10 p.m.

229 South Hall

Learn about tools and tricks to help find a job or internship.

White Privilege Workshop

5 to 6:30 p.m.

LGBT Resource Center

Engage in group brainstorming and dialogue about how white privilege functions in and affects the queer community. Share ideas about how to cultivate tools for doing anti-racist work in the queer community.

Queerly Kin Panel Discussion

7 to 9 p.m.

King Lounge, Memorial Union

Panelists will discuss how monogamy, polyamory, surrogacy, racial identity, bisexuality and more affect their kinship ties in the queer community.

Sahaya International Movie Night

7:30 to 9 p.m.

194 Chemistry

After a short description about the club, stay for a showing of award-winning documentary Born Into Brothels. Light refreshments will be provided.

THURSDAY

Challah For Hunger

11 a.m. to 1 p.m.

Quad

Try some delicious homemade challah bread. Proceeds go to charity. Flavors this week include strawberry mango and chocolate mocha.

Shinkoskey Noon Concert: Gold Coast Trio

12:05 p.m.

115 Music Building

Rachel Vetter Huang on violin, Susan Lamb Cook on cello and Hao Huang on piano will play works by Brahms and Zwilich.

Careers With the National Security Agency Info Session

1:30 to 2:30 p.m.

114 South Hall

Learn about different career fields with the NSA and hear federal recruiters’ advice for joining this prestigious organization.

Politics of Sex Workshop

3 to 5 p.m.

Student Recruitment and Retention Center Conference Room, South Hall

Facilitator Ignacio Rivera, founding board member of Queers for Economic Justice, leads this discussion of sex, love and relationships.

The Davis Feminist Film Festival

5 p.m.

Veteran’s Memorial Center Theater, 203 E. 14th St.

A reception with food, beverages and silent auction begins at 5 p.m. Watch short films from around the world, which highlight issues of gender, race and sexuality, beginning at 6 p.m.

Pride Week Performance Night

7 to 10 p.m.

Technocultural Studies Building Art Annex

Pride Week organizers collaborate with the Cross Cultural Center to present “Violence of Silence: Voices for Social Change Through Identity and Poetry”, featuring CIRCLEJERK, Papí Coxxx and Climbing PoeTree.

To receive placement in the AGGIE DAILY CALENDAR, e-mail dailycal@theaggie.org or stop by 25 Lower Freeborn by noon the day prior to your event. Due to space constraints, all event descriptions are subject to editing, and priority will be given to events that are free of charge and geared toward the campus community.

Photo of the week

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As I biked through campus in the cold weather during finals week I was reminded that winter, too, can be beautiful. Passing Kemper Hall, I saw the cherry blossoms littering the ground.

Shooting at a low angle with the direction of the sidewalk, I hoped to capture an aesthetically pleasing composition using the leading lines of both the trees and the sidewalk. I used my 10-22mm wide-angle lens at its widest focal length, 10mm, which is roughly 16mm on a 35mm camera. I used a high aperture of f/11 to try to create a high depth of field in order to capture as much detail as possible. Such an aperture allowed me to shoot at a shutter speed of 1/125 at an ISO of 400 to expose the image properly. Although I am just as excited as anyone for spring weather, I will miss winter scenes such as this one.

-Jasna Hodzic

Cyberarchaeology lab uncovers ancient cities

For hundreds of years, the core method of archaeology has been the process of excavation – sifting through tons of dirt, silt and mud to find lost artifacts of the past. However, sometimes the discovery goes wrong. Artifacts can break from rough handling or disintegrate on contact with air.

Fortunately, today’s technology can fix yesterday’s problems.

The Center of Interdisciplinary Science for Art, Architecture and Technology (CISA3) is using cameras, chemical testing and invisible wavelengths of light to change how archaeology and art history is analyzed. CISA3 grew out of the UC San Diego division of the California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology (Calit2).

Ramesh Rao, Calit2’s divisional director at UCSD, said that CISA3 could improve the state of digital and interactive archaeology.

“You can recreate the dig in virtual reality … for instance, scan the pieces of shattered pottery and virtually reconstruct them,” he said. “Basically, it’s creating new tools to do these scans at lower and lower cost.”

Right now, the new technology is helping research teams investigate archaeological sites in countries like Italy and Jordan.

“We see it transforming the field, broadening the progression of archaeology to reach many people, recording much larger surfaces and better manipulating the images,” Rao said.

CISA3 uses many different techniques to analyze archaeological sites depending upon the needs of the location and of the artifacts, from helium balloons taking 3D images of ancient cities to invisible wavelengths of light beaming on to a single Renaissance painting.

“When you examine these paintings they are metaphorically a lot like patients,” Rao said. “We use very logical techniques to get a deeper view inside.”

Rao and his colleagues at CISA3 and Calit2 hope to find “clues that the artist left behind” that are normally invisible to the naked eye. For instance, the Italian government appointed Mauricio Seracini, the director of CISA3, to find a mural by Leonardo da Vinci called “The Battle of Anghiari” that has been missing since a palace was remodeled in 1563. Da Vinci’s painting was painted over during the remodel, but now CISA3 scientists are using wavelengths of light to analyze the hidden brush strokes and colors. Using this information, Italy’s top renovation institute, the Opificio delle Pietre Dure, will reconstruct a mock-up of the wall using those same materials and techniques.

CISA3 is working on more than just individual artifacts. UCSD Professor Thomas Levy, CISA3’s associate director of archaeology, is currently leading an effort to establish a database called the Digital Archaeology Atlas for the Holy Land. Levy’s lab is centered in Jordan and catalogues maps, photographs and 3D artifact representations to make the first “node” in what Levy hopes will be a widespread atlas of the entire Mediterranean region.

“Content drives our research in cyber-archaeology,” Levy said.

Levy said new technology could help document a culture’s change over time.

Levy is currently focusing much of his research on how cultures of the last 10,000 years in the Mediterranean region used mining and metallurgy (the manufacture of metal). He hopes that the atlas will provide a solid context that he and future researchers can use to study the regional cultures.

“[With] the digital cyber-archaeology technologies, we can contextualize our data in ways that traditional pencil and paper recording never could,” Levy said.

AMY STEWART can be reached by science@theaggie.org.

Roving Reporter

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“Ultimate Frisbee – I’m on an intramural team, about to dominate. One of my good friends from high school taught me how to throw forehand, taking my game to an extreme level. Beware!” – David Watts, junior, human development major

“Tennis – You don’t need a bunch of people to play tennis. You can just grab a friend and go!” – Jessica Christian, senior, American studies

“Diving at the Rec Pool – It’s pretty much my favorite because I like to smash my face into the water.” – Mark Ferrando, senior, dramatic art major

“Frisbee – It’s easy to do with two people. Yet, there is some skill to it. I think it’s fun.” – Diane Vickroy, senior, international relations and French major

“Soccer and Lakers basketball – because I’m from Los Angeles. ‘Lake Show!'” – Juliette Spinner, senior, international relations major

“Baseball – You just hear the click of the bat, the pop of the ball in the glove. It’s a ‘bresh of freth air.'” – Ian Shein, senior, history major

“Basketball on the outdoor courts – What I like most about basketball is the constant action in a sunny environment; getting a tan while playing a competitive sport.” – Nathan Lessa, senior, international relations major

Students, ACLU, media scrutinize attempts to monitor protests

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Students and representatives from the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) held a press conference Tuesday to shed light on the Student Activism Team (SAT) – administrators’ efforts to monitor campus action.

Eric Lee, junior political science major, Sarah Augusto, graduate student in sociology and two members from Sacramento County’s and Yolo County’s ACLUs said the team’s covert formation was a breach of trust and an attempt to privatize the university.

“We students find this untenable and hypocritical,” Lee said.

Augusto said she found the list of administrators and staff involved in SAT especially disconcerting. SAT members include staff from Student Housing, Financial Aid and resource centers, such as the Cross-Cultural Center and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender Center.

“It suggests that the administration is targeting minorities and using staff that students are close with … why use staff members [who work for Student Housing and Financial Aid] with direct power over students, with access to so much information?” Augusto said.

Another concerning issue is the secrecy, Augusto said. Students didn’t learn about SAT until a former student, Brian Sparks, filed a California Public Records Act request.

“If they wanted to be transparent as they say they do, they’d put student activists on the team, they’d open a dialogue with students and they would have said their intentions in the very beginning,” Augusto said.

According to a protocol draft dated Aug. 18, 2010, the main roles of SAT are to “support freedom of expression, promote student safety, educate the campus on free speech policy and assist in preventing disruption of normal campus activities through education and implementation of time, place and manner regulations.”

Augusto said it is difficult for team members to promote free speech or safety if they aren’t open about their presence. She said that at the March 2 Day of Action, a man was seen following the rally and advising students not to use megaphones indoors. When asked who he was, he said he was a volunteer, present to protect students. This is not transparent enough, Augusto said.

“If we want support at a rally, how would we even know how to get it?” she said.

The 280 pages of public documents include drafts of protocol, team membership and e-mail correspondences. Members e-mailed one another to discuss expected action plans, schedule meetings and debate what the team should be called.

In a July 2010 version of the SAT list of members, there was a section of “UCD Emergency Services,” which included UC Davis Police Chief Annette Spicuzza, UC Davis Police Captain Joyce Souza, UC Davis Police Lieutenant Matthew Carmichael, UCD Police Dispatch, Assistant Fire Chief Weston Arvin, UCD Fire Dispatch and Emergency Manager Valerie Lucas McEwen. In newer versions of the list, “UCD Emergency Services” isn’t included.

Griselda Castro, assistant vice chancellor of Student Affairs and SAT leader, wasn’t sure exactly why the “UCD Emergency Services” section of the SAT membership list was removed or on there to begin with.

She said that the membership list is intended for members of SAT to contact one another. Police numbers were likely removed because not all team members contact police – vice chancellors do. She also noted that SAT only contacts the police when there is a public safety issue, but outside parties often call instead.

Documents also reveal that correspondences were not just between members of SAT, but members of the news service and other departments. Castro said SAT stays in contact with various members of the community depending on the protest.

“Every situation depends on the situation,” she said.

For example, documents show Claudia Morain, news service director, communicating frequently with SAT leading up to September’s gubernatorial debate. Morain said that this is because she tries to keep the news service team appropriately staffed and informed – when protests occur there is often media interest, and university communications is expected to know what is going on.

Some information in the documents is covered in black. According to a Dec. 9 letter from Lynette Temple, Information Practices coordinator, to Sparks, this is because some information is protected by certain privileges in the Public Records Act code. These privileges include the attorney-client privilege and the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act.

JANELLE BITKER can be reached at campus@theaggie.org.

Public documents reveal correspondences between SAT and the following:

Linda Katehi, chancellor

Fred Wood, vice chancellor of Student Affairs

Rahim Reed, associate executive vice chancellor

Robert Loessberg-Zahl, assistant executive vice chancellor

Karen Hull, associate vice chancellor of Human Resources

Marjorie Dickinson, assistant vice chancellor of Government and Community Relations

Jason Murphy, director of State and Government Relations

Steven Drown, campus counsel

Michael Sweeney, associate campus counsel

Annette Spicuzza, UC Davis police chief

Joyce Souza, UC Davis police captain

Matthew Carmichael, UC Davis police lieutenant

Claudia Morain, news service director of University Communications

Mitchel Benson, associate vice chancellor of University Communications

Julia Ann Easley, UC Davis News Service

Andy Fell, UC Davis News Service

Beverly Sandeen, vice chancellor of University Relations

Maril Stratton, editor

Elizabeth Meyer, director of Employee and Labor Relations

Ken Ealy, consultant with Human Resources

Louise F. Uota, director of Ceremonies & Events

Cheryl Davis, personnel services manager

Mark Champagne, ASUCD manager

Stacy A. Miller, executive assistant with Student Affairs

Janet Roche, executive assistant with Student Affairs

Katie Port, executive assistant with Student Affairs

Lori Hubbard, executive assistant to the associate chancellor

Erika Hendrick (resigned), academic coordinator with Student Housing

To view the documents, visit public.me.com/ucdresearch

The state of E. coli outbreaks

Vomiting, abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea: the symptoms of an E. coli O157:H7 infection.

If consumed, these rod-shaped bacteria can lead to kidney failure and death. So how does this strain of E. coli find its way into our food and what consequences does it have for producers and consumers?

“It all starts with the cow; a little simplistic, but an easy concept,” said Trevor Suslow, plant pathologist for the UC Davis department of plant science.

He said E. coli contamination often starts with manure that is picked up by water runoff that finds its way into the water supply of crops.

“Along with doing what they can to keep the water from getting contaminated, the [produce] industry really focuses on identifying, marking and buffering areas of harvest affected by animal intrusion and flood waters,” Suslow said.

He said that cattle are not susceptible to E. coli O157:H7 as a result of not having the attachment sites on their cells for toxins that humans have. Suslow also said that E. coli have other traits that give them the ability to adapt to severe conditions, such as low pH levels and the ability to hang on food surfaces much longer than people originally thought.

“They pick up traits that allow them to do this,” Suslow said.

He said that the E. coli spinach outbreak in 2006 made the produce industry come together to have a more standardized way to help minimize the chances of E. coli outbreaks. Suslow referred to the California Leafy Greens Marketing Agreement (LGMA) as an example of this standardization. The LGMA utilizes mandatory government inspections and science-based food safety practices to make leafy green products safe for consumers.

Christine Bruhn, director of the UC Davis Center for Consumer Research, said that over the past five years, outbreaks associated with meat have decreased; meanwhile, produce outbreaks have increased.

“Outbreaks associated with meat have probably decreased because the meat industry has adopted several strategies to reduce the possibility of contamination,” Bruhn said.

She said that the increase in produce outbreaks could be due to increased consumption of fresh produce and eating produce raw, along with aggressive reporting by the media. Nonetheless, Bruhn said that response to outbreaks varies among consumers.

“If the outbreak is widely publicized, some people will stop eating the food for a short period of time, then when the outbreak is over, and the contaminated food is off the market, they will go back to buying it,” Bruhn said. “If a product is recalled frequently, some people will stop eating the food for a long time.”

She mentioned that she knows some people that no longer eat burgers made from beef, but instead replace it with turkey – a product that still presents the chance for salmonella if not cooked properly.

Bruhn said that the effect an outbreak has on sales depends on how much people like the product. She mentioned that during the 2008 tomato recall, many people continued eating tomatoes; meanwhile, after the 2006 spinach recall, sales took several months to recover.

When asked whether public reaction to these outbreaks has changed over the years, Bruhn mentioned that today’s standards are stricter and people are less tolerant, but that people were “shocked” in 1993 during the beef outbreak.

“It affected the food industry profoundly,” Bruhn said. “When E. coli is associated with a commodity, the industry focuses on what factors led to the contamination and how future outbreaks can be prevented.”

Karen Klonsky, an agriculture and resource economist with the UC Davis cooperative extension, said that producers are more affected in the short run than in the long run.

“In the short run, producers pulled more stuff [referring to spinach outbreak] than needed from the shelf because people didn’t want to buy,” she said.

Klonsky said that these producers lose crops in the short run, but that the demand usually comes back after a few months. She said that one of the greatest tools growers have now is diversification, in terms of both location and the crops they grow.

E. coli has not disappeared, as seen by the recent Lebanon Bologna and in-shell hazelnut outbreaks in the eastern U.S.; however, farmers and growers are uniting to do what they can to prevent more outbreaks from happening.

As Suslow said, “everybody does not need to be doing everything, but everybody should be doing something.”

For more information on safe handling of fruits and vegetables, go to ucanr.org/freepubs.

ERIC C. LIPSKY can be reached at science@theaggie.org.

Parasitic wasps depend on campus oak trees

Consider yourself lucky that you aren’t an oak tree.

If you were, you would likely become a living host for a parasitic wasp known as Andricus quercuscalifornicus. This wasp would lay its eggs on your branches, and then induce a cancer-like growth, called a gall, around the eggs that will shelter, feed and birth the next generation of wasp.

“There are over 10,000 trees on [the UC Davis] campus,” said Melanie Gentles, the UC Davis campus arborist. “Three to four hundred of those trees have galls, and I’ve looked at every one of them.”

These wasps are from the family Cynipadae, which means gall-making wasps. The wasps do not bite and pose no danger to humans. They are extraordinarily small, only slightly larger than a grain of rice, and are golden brown in color.

The galls on the oak trees are natural woody tissue produced by the tree. It has been hypothesized that the gall is created by the tree in order to separate itself from a potential infection.

“The wasp inserts its eggs into the branch, which causes this reaction by the tree, basically a swelling of woody tissue,” Gentles said.

Gentles co-authored a study on these oak galls along with entomology graduate student Ian Pearse. According to Pearse, the galls do not noticeably affect the health of the tree.

“The galls are not an economic problem to the trees,” Pearse said. “[However], oak trees that have a whole lot of galls tend to produce fewer acorns.”

Both Pearse and Gentles have noticed that some oak trees are host to many hundreds of galls, while similar trees in close proximity have no galls at all.

“It’s a bit of a mystery to science,” Pearse said.

Pearse believes that the difference is in subtle genetic variation that makes some oaks immune to the gall-producing capabilities of the wasps. It is an evolutionary arms race between the oaks’ resistance and the wasps’ ability to induce a gall.

The galls grow in a wide range of sizes, and can be as small as the tip of your thumb or as large as a melon. Each gall can provide shelter for anywhere between zero to 40 developing wasp larvae.

Wasps are not the only organisms to benefit from a hard wooden shelter. Once the wasps vacate the gall, it can become home to various species of moth, become food for beetles that feed on the gall tissue and be a source of food for birds who feed on the wasps and beetles. The galls are also a target for other species of parasitic wasp that lay their eggs inside of the developing gall wasp larvae.

Many students have noticed the large tumorous growth on the elm tree outside of Olson Hall on campus. It is important to note that this is not a gall. This growth is known as a burl.

“Burls can be caused by stress or various organisms such as bacteria, insects and nematodes [worms], and they are not all the same,” said Valerie Williamson, a professor of nematology at UC Davis, and recently named fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. “They are not usually directly harmful, but the associated organisms can cause disease.”

“Lots of those [burls] can be caused by agrobacteria, bacteria that infect plants,” Pearse said. “They can be, but are often not insect related.”

Despite the grotesque visual appearance of galls, the growths provide a tiny ecosystem for many organisms. There can be around 20 different species inhabiting the gall, feeding on the gall or living off the gall’s residents.

HUDSON LOFCHIE can be reached at science@theaggie.org.

Column: Counting sheep

I spent last Saturday at the 91st annual California Ram Sale. In the dusty valley town of Tulare, I stood surrounded by bales of hay, pens of rams and dozens of old cowboys with bristly mustaches and nicknames like “Lucky.”

It seemed like an unlikely place to learn about science.

Yet there were 20 UC Davis undergraduate animal science students, members of a class studying beef and sheep production.

“I’ve never judged sheep before, so it’s going to be a learning experience today,” said Jake Murphy, a senior animal science major.

With the disappearance of public grazing lands and the lack of mutton on American menus, the U.S. sheep industry is shrinking. Field trip leader Dana Van Liew, lecturer in animal science and manager of the UC Davis Sheep Program, said he thinks the industry would be more efficient if there was more scientific research on sheep.

So these animal science students are not just future sheep breeders, they are the generation that could bring the industry back to life.

“I haven’t seen so many sheep students in forever,” said Mike Corn, manager of visiting company Roswell Wool.

The students learned to judge rams on body mass, muscular structure and their bulky frame size – all genetic traits passed from rams to their offspring. Van Liew told the class to look for rams with a “modified hourglass shape” – meaning wide, smooth shoulders and a wide, muscular rump.

Van Liew also encouraged his students to talk to the experienced sheep-breeders and learn about the business.

“These people are very gregarious, like sheep, they’ll talk to you,” Van Liew said.

While wandering between the stalls, I found Bob Paasch, a UC Davis alumnus and sheep-breeder, whom the other breeders nicknamed “The Dean of the Sheep Industry.”

“I sold my first sheep at the California Ram Sale in 1959,” he said.

He called his meticulous breeding records “The Family Bible,” and some of the rams he sold on Saturday are descendants of his original herd.

Paasch described animal science during the 1950s.

“We were taught that one way of castrating [rams] was to bite the testicles off with your teeth,” Paasch said.

Times have changed, but college students are still learning how to raise sheep.

Tara Urbano, a senior animal science major, is a resident student shepherd for the Sheep Barn at UC Davis. Urbano lives in a bedroom inside the barn, and she and two other student shepherds do all the chores and make sure the sheep stay healthy.

“I learn a lot everyday,” Urbano said.

In the fall and late winter, the shepherds even wake up at 2 a.m. to check on pregnant ewes.

“During lambing times, we’re in charge of making sure everything stays alive,” Urbano said.

When I looked around the sale, I took notes of the contrasts. The old cowboys helped their kids and grandkids groom the sheep. The UC Davis students chatted near Paasch’s new generation of rams. There were steel-toed work boots and flip-flops.

But everyone there had the same passion: sheep.

Around noon, the college students turned from the ram pens to their rumbling stomachs. They gathered around the lunch provided by the California Wool Growers Association: barbequed lamb.

MADELINE McCURRY-SCHMIDT can be reached at science@theaggie.org.

Ask Katehi

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How much funding would it take to create a “stable” university?

I believe that the key to a financially stable university is not a specific dollar amount as much as it is a predictable, consistent level of support year after year.

Virtually all of us at UC Davis – faculty, staff and students – have felt the impact of the continually declining level of state support. If the governor’s proposed UC funding levels for 2011-2012 are reflected in the state’s final budget, our campus’ state support will have declined by almost 40 percent over four years. And the reductions will be even greater if the governor’s proposed tax extensions do not win voter approval.

Given this dramatic decline in state support over a relatively short time, we have had to make many difficult decisions, including the adoption of substantial student fee increases and employee layoffs, that taken together create a sense of instability. This environment of uncertainty, driven by the funding roller coaster, carries a high price. The declining – and unpredictable – levels of state support for the university wreak havoc on students and their families, who must struggle to cover the cost of attending UC Davis, campus efforts to plan for our growth and progress and campus operations.

To respond, we are making fundamental, structural changes in how we do business. We want to better serve our students and achieve our Vision of Excellence (vision.ucdavis.edu) – the framework that articulates our vision for UC Davis to become a recognized leader in innovation at the intersections of the world’s most challenging issues – even in the face of declining state support. But for our efforts to succeed, it is tremendously important that the state commit to a predictable level of funding for UC so that we can all plan. This is what it will take to create the stability we need to preserve the pillars on which UC Davis and its sister campuses rest: excellence, affordability and access.

Got a question for the chancellor? Send it to campus@theaggie.org.

Book event to showcase instructor’s emotional tell-all

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After discovering embezzlement on campus, instructor Amy Block Joy said she experienced unjust backlash – individuals hiding her mail, claiming she was bipolar and dismissing her from her department.

Joy will share her story at the UC Davis Bookstore lounge Thursday from noon to 1 p.m., beginning by reading some excerpts from her first book, Whistleblower. A question and answer session and book signing will follow.

Joy said that she wrote the book in such a way to put the reader in her own shoes – exactly how it happened.

“I was told repeatedly I couldn’t talk about it,” Joy said. “I found solace in writing about the experience. It allowed me to keep track of what’s going on. It’s a very emotionally tumultuous experience – you’re tested and re-tested.”

Joy became a faculty member at UC Davis in the mid-1990s. In 1994, Joy directed and received $1 million in funding toward the Food Stamp Nutrition Education Program (FSNEP) – a statewide program to help educate food stamp families about nutrition. The program expanded and received $14 million per year in grants.

Around 2006, Joy became suspicious of the program’s budget adviser, Beverly Benford, after finding mistakes in the budget. She found extraneous purchases, including a $1,400 purchase for a camera at Fry’s Electronics, and that Benford was committing travel fraud.

Joy said that she tried to report the fraud multiple times, but kept getting stopped or deferred. She eventually filed a whistleblower report to the chancellor’s office and the retaliation began. She said she was shocked to find a lack of support from many of her colleagues.

The last straw was when during a conference to train the staff, there was a public meeting held in which she was not allowed to attend. The meeting was held to discuss Joy’s alleged mental illness.

After the incident, Joy stepped down as the director of FSNEP, but chose to stay at UC Davis.

“The message you get is that people want you to leave,” Joy said. “A lot of time whistleblowers tend to leave but I love my job, and I made a decision early on that I would stick to it as long as I could and do the best that I could.”

After being asked to leave her former department, Joy now runs her own one-woman department – nutritional ecology, located in environmental horticulture. The department looks into controversies in nutrition, how health impacts the environment, nutrition policy and food safety. She teaches a freshman seminar called “Eating Green.”

However, the retaliation still continues, Joy said. Flyers of Thursday’s book event have been torn down in her old department.

Paul Takushi, Tradebook purchaser at the bookstore, said that he was surprised by the flyer incident. He said that it was sad to hear of this form of censorship.

Joy noted that the book is an educational story for future whistleblowers to ensure them that they can be safe and protected. She encourages whistleblowers to file their complaint anonymously if they can. She chose not to because she was the director of FSNEP and that it would go against her character.

At the time, Joy found $150,000 to be missing from the budget, but she now believes that number to be larger, as $2.3 million had to be returned to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA).

Even though Benford was the only employee to go to jail, Joy said that she suspects other individuals were involved.

“With a caveat, people should protect themselves,” she said. “If they can they should do it anonymously because there are all these unexpected consequences you can’t predict. I had no idea that this was a cover-up; I thought it was just a rogue employee using funds for personal benefit, and I couldn’t understand why no one wanted to report her. And now it makes sense because there were other things going on.”

UC Davis encourages its community to report any wrongdoing and fraud, said UC spokesperson Claudia Morain. In addition, the university will protect those that have been retaliated against. Joy was given a settlement for the retaliation she endured in the past.

“I love Davis, it’s a great campus and there are many good people here,” Joy said. “We’re talking about a handful of people that got angry, and I’m not really sure why… but the institution did right by me, it fully investigated my complaint and it took steps to protect me.”

MARTHA GEORGIS can be reached at campus@theaggie.org.

More arrests made in February NAK fraternity robbery

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Two more suspects arrested in NAK robbery

UC Davis police have tracked down two more suspects of a Feb. 20 robbery outside the on-campus Nu Alpha Kappa (NAK) fraternity house.

Police arrested 19-year-old Daniel Chavez on the morning of the robbery. Police used the WarnMe notification system to tell the campus community that a single suspect was still at large, at the time believing that only one other person was involved. They described the unidentified man as possibly armed and dangerous.

At the end of March, investigators named a second suspect, Julio Rodriguez, also 19. Rodriguez was spending time in the Monterey County Jail, where he was being held on unrelated charges. He has since been moved to Yolo County.

After an investigation, police arrested a third suspect, a 15-year-old, whose name has not been released.

Chavez is in custody in Yolo County for three gun charges and a charge of auto theft in connection with the incident at NAK.

Police said Chavez, Rodriguez and the minor, all of Soledad, Calif. robbed four men at gunpoint outside the fraternity house on Parkway Circle, after the three suspects were asked to leave a party at the house.

After the robbery, the suspects allegedly stole a car – using a set of keys taken from a table in the house. The suspects crashed the car into the fence of a nearby daycare center. Police recovered a gun from the daycare’s playground that one of the suspects apparently threw over the fence.

Campus police learned of the 15-year-old’s alleged involvement after city police linked the suspects to an alleged assault the night before at a party on Mulberry Lane.

According to Davis Police Department (DPD) lieutenant Paul Doroshov, on Feb. 19, the same suspects assaulted two people at a party on Mulberry Lane. The suspects grabbed a 20-year-old female. When her 22-year-old boyfriend confronted the suspects, they beat him, pointed a gun at him and threatened to kill him. At that time, no one called the police and the assault went unreported until a couple of weeks later.

Chavez was scheduled for a preliminary hearing in Yolo County Superior Court on March 25, for the robbery at the fraternity house. The hearing was rescheduled for May 5, given the new charges that he faces in connection with the Mulberry Lane case.

Charges are pending for the other suspects.

Catalytic converter thefts plague West Davis

Since Feb. 26, around 26 catalytic converter thefts have been reported in Davis. The majority of these thefts occurred in west Davis, but they have been moving east to central Davis.

According to police, thieves are targeting Toyota pickups, Toyota utility vehicles and are striking during the late night to early morning hours.

Catalytic converters cost between $1,200 to $2,000 to replace, with labor and parts. Converter thieves recycle the parts into metal for a profit. Since June of 2010, around 40 converter thefts have been reported to the DPD.

Doroshov said there is a decent amount of property crime in Davis, but that most of the robberies could be prevented.

“People feeling too safe is their worst enemy,” Doroshov said. “You simply need to make sure your windows are closed, doors are locked and that you don’t leave your laptop in your car, otherwise these crimes become easy scores.”

No arrests have been made and there are currently no leads in the converter thefts.

South Davis stabbing remains unsolved

There have been no arrests made in the case of a stabbing and fight that occurred at Avalon Apartments on Feb. 25. A 19-year-old male was injured and an 18-year-old male was stabbed in the chest. Doroshov said the case cannot be discussed because it is still under open investigation.

ANGELA SWARTZ can be reached city@theaggie.org.