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UC Davis researchers identify rice protein that moderates disease resistance

Scientists at UC Davis have discovered a rice protein that plays a major role in moderating the resistance to infectious disease, a discovery that may have important medical and agricultural applications around the world.

A study led by plant pathology professor Pamela Ronald identified the protein XB15, a major player in the rice plant’s immune system that stops the immune response from overreacting and damaging the plant.

The Ronald lab has made similar discoveries in the past. In 1995, researchers in the lab found a rice protein that acts as a pathogen recognition receptor. These receptors are found in nearly all higher life forms and are essential to control the organism’s immune system. This specific receptor, called XA21, controls how animals and plants respond to a disease.

Although extremely important in fighting off diseases, if these receptors are not regulated, they could lead to various diseases, including cancer in humans.

It turns out that the recently discovered XB15 works hand in hand with the recognition receptor XA21. Known as a negative receptor, the protein XB15s purpose is to regulate the immune system and make sure that the immune response is truly necessary.

The Ronald lab has shown that an altered version of the XB15 protein has a better resistance to the bacterial leaf blight disease, a serious bacterial disease in rice. However, if the XB15 protein is produced excessively in plants also carrying the XA21 resistance gene, it can then compromise the immune response to fight off the disease.

“Rice, in general, can be very susceptible to infectious disease like bacterial leaf blight, which damages the crop and can eventually lead shortages in developing countries,Ronald said.

Both environmental factors and disease can severely affect the season’s crop of rice. Floods and other environmental stresses can decimate the rice crop. As much as 60 percent of crops can be destroyed by the disease alone, which in turn threatens the food source of nearly three billion people, according to the International Rice Research Institute’s website.

Rice is grown in more than 89 countries around the world and in six of the seven continents. Genetically altered rice plants have been grown in temperatures naturally too cold and too warm to survive.

According to the IRRI, rice’s importance lies in its easy ability to cook, store, and be purchased inexpensively. Many countries heavily depend on it as a staple food.

Currently, the best method to combat diseases is to spray pesticides on the crops. The Ronald lab’s goal is to find better alternative solutions.

“By gaining a better understanding of how resistance is conferred in plants, we will be able to further develop rice plants through breeding or genetic engineering with the goal of reducing the use of pesticides,said Becky Bart, a graduate student in the Ronald lab, in an e-mail.

For this reason, this discovery is vital for the development of more productive and hardier plants that could meet the worldwide demand for rice, Ronald said.

Though the protein’s discovery has an impact on agricultural research, the identification of the XB15 protein has medical implications as well. Both humans and plants have immune systems to fight off infectious disease and use very similar proteins. An understanding of a plant’s immune system response could potentially be translated to humans.

“This protein lends us a better understanding of how the immune system works and how it’s regulated in higher organisms,Ronald said. A more in-depth comprehension would lead to better treatments and medications for humans.

NICK MARKWITH can be reached at features@californiaaggie.com.

Galaxy clusters moving toward edge of observable universe

A new study tracing the path of many galaxy clusters scattered over a wide span of sky shows that they are all moving toward one point in the universe.

The finding was unexpected and contradicts most theories about the state of the universe, said study author Dale Kocevski, a postdoctoral researcher at UC Davis.

Astronomers have long held to the notion that the universe is relatively uniform in nature, which Alexander Kashlinksy at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center compares to the viewpoint from the middle of a quiet ocean.

“As far as you can see to the horizon, the ocean seems smooth … the same in every direction and you may conclude that the entire cosmos is like that you see inside your horizon,” Kashlinsky said in an e-mail interview. “But then you find a small flow in some direction extending across the entire field of view. The flow would then indicate the existence of other very different structures (say ravines to sink to or mountains to flow from) from your local part of space-time (ocean).”

Although local flows of galaxies and galaxy clusters have been identified – the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies, for example, are moving toward the Virgo cluster – this flow is much larger in scale, extending over billions of light-years, Kocevski said. The pull of gravity by dense matter – such as nearby galaxy clusters – is responsible for local flows and decreases with further distance. However, there isn’t any matter or dark matter dense enough to account for the extensive bulk flow, leading researchers to conclude that the pull is coming from outside the observable universe.

The discovery came when researchers identified a method to measure bulk flow using a large sample of galaxy clusters, each consisting of thousands of galaxies, Kocevski said.

Photons from residual cosmic microwaves left by the Big Bang (CMB) shift in temperature when passing through hot gas in galaxy clusters. Cluster movement accounts for a tiny fraction of this temperature shift. Kashlinsky and colleagues determined that this effect can be amplified and measured by stacking signals from many galaxy clusters, allowing their velocity to be calculated.

“Galaxy clusters were identified by their X-ray emission and their distances measured using optical telescopes,” said Harald Ebeling, an astronomer at the University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy, in an e-mail interview. “This approach ensured that all clusters included in the study were real systems held together by gravity and helped greatly to find clusters even behind the Milky Way.”

With a catalog of nearly 1,000 galaxy clusters and the CMB data, researchers determined that they are all moving at roughly 600 kilometers per second toward a point in the sky between the Vela and Centaurus constellations.

Study authors posit that inflation, the notion that the universe expanded very rapidly after the Big Bang, may explain the flow and provide context for probing the original structure of space-time.

“What our finding may indicate is the tilt across the observable universe generated perhaps by the pull from a far-away inhomogeneity (dense region) … blown by inflationary hyper-expansion to well beyond our observable universe,” Kashlinksy said.

“Our explanation seems the most straightforward, but we will be interested to see what others can come up with,” he said.

Future research will verify the finding using more clusters over larger distances and more CMB data collected over the next two years, Kocevski said.

What the galaxy clusters are converging on will remain a mystery.

“We’ll never in fact reach the object(s) that is pulling us,” Kocevski said. “This is in part because of the great distance to that object(s), but also because the universe itself is expanding and essentially pushing that region of space away from us.”

 

ELAINE HSIA can be reached at campus@californiaaggie.com

 

The DNA of UCD:

Even though UC Davis is safe from a major earthquake, one member of the campus community is preparing for the world’s worst. Ross Boulanger, Ph.D., is an earthquake specialist in the Civil and Environmental Engineering department. Between teaching classes and overseeing major earthquake, dam and levee studies, he recently co-wrote and published a book on liquefaction, or the damage that happens underground when earthquakes hit. But don’t let that bring you down – this Canadian professor loves every quaking minute of his research and professorship!

 

 

What do you teach here at UC Davis?

I mostly teach upper-division geotechnical engineering classes and graduate classes – things like foundation designs and earthquake engineering. Every once in a while I get to teach a lower division class, like statics.

 

What’s your favorite class to teach?

It’s hard to say, but I really like the upper division undergraduate classes like soil mechanics and foundation engineering.

 

Where did you go to school?

Well, I’m from Canada and so I got my undergraduate at University of British Columbia and I came down to go to grad school at UC Berkeley. At the time I didn’t even know where it was. I thought I was going to L.A.! I met my wife there, and that’s why I’m still in California. I graduated in 1990 and came up here [to Davis] in 1992 for a faculty position.

 

What are you working on right now?

I work mostly on how embankment dams and levees behave during earthquakes and how bridge foundations behave during earthquakes.

 

Does seeing what earthquakes do to manmade structures cause you think that engineers can’t out-smart the earth?

We can [prevent damage] if we design well enough. The question really is,how much money are you willing to spend to make your structure do well?’ So a lot of poorer countries don’t do well in earthquakes but that’s partly because of the different engineering practices [they use] and whether or not people have routinely identified liquefaction as a major concern and whether they’ve done something about it.

 

Have you helped design any levees or dams that Californians might know about?

That’s actually what I was doing this morning! I was working on a project as a reviewer and I help people make sure that they’re staying up to date technically, and then also help them make sure that as they look at a problem they’re not missing anything.

 

You work with a unique device at UC Davis called a Centrifuge. What is a Centrifuge?

We use the centrifuge to model the behavior of structures during earthquakes. Soils are a really interesting thing in that [their behavior] really depends on how much confining stress you have on them.

If you buried soil under one foot of material, that soil would behave differently if you [buried the soil] under a 200-foot high embankment because of the weight. What we do with the centrifuge is when you take a model of soil – suppose we make a little dam and it’s two feet high – we put it on the end of the centrifuge and we spin it around and everything moves to the end. We produce a centrifugal acceleration.

And we use that to produce models that have similar stress conditions as larger structures in reality. Then when you’ve done that you get a better approximation of behavior. UC Davis has one of the largest in the United States-physically it has a 30-foot radius and the model container weighs maybe five tons.

 

Which do you like more, teaching or doing this research?

Half my time spent here is research and a third of it is teaching and the rest is service. That balance depends on where you are in your career. I love the teaching; that’s why I came to the university, but I also love to research. It’s like a puzzle. I love puzzles.

 

What would you do during an earthquake?

When the Loma Prieta Earthquake happened, it was Oct. 17 – my anniversary – and I was buying my wife some earrings at a jewelry store and the earthquake happened. There’s this thing you can do where you count the number of cycles during the shaking, you can estimate the magnitude of an earthquake and how far away it is.

So when the earthquake finished, I had come pretty close to what the magnitude of the earthquake had been and I was really proud of myself. But I looked around and I saw that everyone was underneath the tables but there I was underneath a big, swinging chandelier. So you never know what you might actually do when there’s an earthquake.

 

Who is your favorite scientist?

Charles Darwin.

 

What’s something your students might not know about you?

I play hockey!

 

 

LAUREN STEUSSY can be reached at features@californiaaggie.com

 

Daily Calendar

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TODAY

Football ticket distribution

10 a.m. to 2 p.m.

Aggie Stadium ticket office

Go get tickets to the Oct. 4 football game before they run out! Aggie Pack t-shirts will also be distributed. If you can’t make it today, ticket distribution will continue though Oct. 2.

 

Autism Awareness Association at UC Davis

7 to 8 p.m.

212 Wellman

Go attend the kickoff meeting for the association. The guest speaker will be Dr. David Amaral, the research director at the UC Davis MIND Institute.

 

Sigma Phi Epsilon fall rush

7 p.m.

525 Oxford Circle

Attend SigEp’s Subsn Smokes and Info Night!

 

Davis Alpine Ski and Snowboard Team

8 p.m.

216 Wellman

Attend the information meeting for the DASS team. All skill levels are welcome and free pizza will be served.

 

KDVS new volunteer meeting

8 to 10 p.m.

1 Wellman

Attend the KDVS new volunteer meeting! You can learn how to become involved with college radio and broadcast news, sports or music.

 

THURSDAY

Chican@/Latin@ resource and activities fair

5:30 to 8:30 p.m.

Recreational Pool Lodge

Mujeres Ayudando la Raza and Hermanos Macehual will sponsor this event where students can get information about campus resources and organizations while bands perform. Free tacos are served.

 

Introductory belly dance class

5:30 p.m.

Mojo Flow Studio, 355 Second St.

This free class will be taught by French dancer Aida Li Calzi. Calzi has taught for years and performed across Europe. For more information, call 757-6656 or go to mojoflowstudio.com.

 

Thursday Trivia Nights

6 to 7:30 p.m.

Silo Union

Test your knowledge of random facts and potentially win prizes along the way!

 

American Red Cross Club

6:10 p.m.

6 Olson

Go to the club’s first general meeting of the year! Snacks will be provided.

 

Sex and the Cinema:Get Smart

7 p.m.

194 Chemistry

This quarter’s Sex and the Cinema film, Get Smart will be screened. If you show up on time, there will be a trivia quiz with prizes!

 

Sigma Phi Epsilon Fall Rush

7 p.m.

525 Oxford Circle

Check out SigEp’s luau with the lovely ladies from Pi Phi!

 

Muslim Student Association meeting

7:30 p.m.

126 Wellman

Go attend the first general body meeting of the Muslim Student Association. Meet fellow MSAers and learn how to play an active role in the group. Food and drinks will be provided.

 

FRIDAY

Cooking Club fall welcome meeting

5 to 6 p.m.

Garrison Room, MU

All are welcome to the Cooking Club’s meeting, where you can learn all about the club. Attendees can also expect a Jeopardy-style game with prizes!

 

Koinonia at Davis Welcome 2008 BBQ

6 to 8 p.m.

1001 Giedt Hall

Koinonia’s fall welcome event is happening this Friday. There will be a talk from the bible, free BBQ and sports. For more information, visit koinoniadavis.org.

 

SATURDAY

Friends of the UC Davis Arboretum plant faire

10 a.m. to 3 p.m.

Arboretum Teaching Nursery

There will be thousands of unique indoor and outdoor plants for sale! For more information, please visit arboretum.ucdavis.edu.

 

Yolo Mambo performance

3:30 p.m.

John Natsoulas Gallery, 521 First St.

Hear what Yolo Mambo are all about at their performance on the Indoor Stagepart of the Davis Jazz festival! There will also be artists painting to the music.

 

To receive placement in the AGGIE DAILY CALENDAR, e-mail dailycal@californiaaggie.com or stop by 25 Lower Freeborn by noon the day prior to your event. Due to space constraints, all event descriptions are subject to editing, and priority will be given to events that are free of charge and geared toward the campus community.

News In Brief

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Police search for Davis bank robber

 

Davis police announced Tuesday afternoon that they were in search of a bank robbery suspect.

At approximately 10:50 a.m. Tuesday, a white male adult entered the US Bank office on F Street and handed a note to a teller demanding money, according to a DPD press release. The teller handed over the money and the suspect fled.

Though the note said the suspect was armed, no gun was actually displayed during the robbery, police said. Witnesses did not see a vehicle present during the robbery.

The suspect is described as 58to 59tall and 260 pounds, with a heavy or overweight build, police said. He had short, medium-brown hair and wore glasses. He was wearing a powder blue, button down, long-sleeve shirt with a matching tie and brown slacks.

The suspect was last seen heading north on foot behind Steve’s Pizza.

Anyone with information regarding the robbery should call the Davis Police Department at (530) 747-5400. Davis police are working with the Federal Bureau of Investigation in investigating this incident, which is the first bank robbery in Davis this year.

 

Yolo County investments safe, officials say

 

Though American financial markets are reeling from bank failures and talk of a government bailout, county investments are safe, county officials said in a press release Tuesday.

“For the time being, our strategy is to continue to build liquidity in our portfolios and remain ultra-conservative in our investment activity,said Yolo County auditor-controller Howard Newens in a written statement.

The county’s investment advisor, PFM Asset Management, said the county’s portfolios were diversified, safe and had very high credit quality, according to the press release. The county does not hold securities from Bear Stearns, Lehman Brothers, AIG, Washington Mutual or Wachovia.

“Investment staff will continue to monitor the market closely and keep the Board of Supervisors apprised of significant turns of events, Newens said.

 

NEWS IN BRIEF items are compiled by JEREMY OGUL, who can be reached at city@californiaaggie.com. 

City offers ‘low carbon diet’ to residents

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The city of Davis is going on a diet.

Selected residents will soon begin a city-sponsored project called the Low Carbon Diet, intended to reduce household carbon dioxide emissions by 5,000 pounds per year.

The city’s 30-day program will begin Oct. 12 in order to coincide with the UC Davis Centennial celebration. Participants representing 100 households throughout Davis will begin following a plan adopted by the city in order to begin lightening Daviscarbon footprint.

“We’re treating the first 100 participants as a pilot project with the idea to scale it out to the community size later,said Mitch Sears, sustainability programs coordinator for the city.We’re going to try and capture several thousand households here in Davis and get each to do their own little part.

While the pilot program will last 30 days, the goal is for each household to reduce their carbon dioxide emissions by 5,000 poundsaround 2 metric tonsover the course of a year.

A study conducted by an MIT class in 2007 found that the average American produces 20 metric tons of CO2 emissions in one year. If the MIT findings hold true for Davis, the city is asking for a 10 percent reduction.

Those participating in the first phase of the program are volunteers from residential areas throughout Davis.

“We chose 100 participants to coincide with the Centennial celebration,said Dominique Sayer of the city manager’s office.

The group will follow a workbook adopted and provided by the city that includes instructions for how to calculate carbon footprints and strategies to reduce emissions.

After an orientation the participants will form support groups that will meet to discuss progress, what tactics are working and those that are not. Some of the tactics that will be used in the program include changing out old light bulbs, not rinsing dishes before putting them in the dishwasher and driving cars with better fuel economy.

At the end of the program, each household will complete a survey the city will use to fine-tune the program to be best suited for the larger community of Davis, Sayer said.

“We have to do everything we can to provide leadership, but it is going to take the effort of the community to resolve the city’s carbon footprint,Sears, the sustainability coordinator, said.

The city reviewed the amount of carbon dioxide emissions produced in Davis and found that three to four percent of the emissions are a direct result of city operations while 96 to 97 percent come from the general population, Sears said.

“The goal is for each household to lose 5,000 pounds, a little over two metric tons, over the course of a year, which is not an insignificant amount. Put that over the 100 households [in the pilot program], and then eventually spread it to thousands of homes in Davis, and hopefully we’ll see major results.

A representative from the city announced the program in last week’s ASUCD meeting, said ASUCD Vice President Molly Fluet in an e-mail.

“I think it is a great program and seeing the city’s commitment to involve students makes me realize how dedicated the city of Davis is to the university, most of the time,said Fluet.

The Vice President’s staff is currently in communication with senators and commissions to see if ASUCD is going to be interested in participating in the city’s challenge.

For those interested in learning more about the program, the workbook being adopted by the city of Davis for the project, Low Carbon Diet: A 30 Day Program to Lose 5,000 Pounds by David Gershon, is available for sale at The Avid Reader on Second Street in Downtown Davis.

ALI EDNEY can be reached at city@californiaaggie.com.

New housing unit to be built on campus

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In the near future, freshmen won’t have to leave campus at the end of their first year to brave the distant Davis outskirts.

UC Davis has just put the finishing touches on plans for the West Village, a new housing structure for university students, faculty and community college students. Officials predict it will open by fall 2011.

“Back in 2000 we projected a growth of over 6,000 more students, and the city of Davis has a limited developmental capacity, said Karl Mohr, assistant vice chancellor of capital and environmental resource management.West Village Housing will accommodate students and faculty and allow them to live locally.

The new structure will house 4,350 people500 of which will be faculty and their families. The structure will be located west of Interstate 113 and will be serviced by Unitrans.

Resource Management and Planning (RMP) signed a ground lease for staff housing in early September, which gives ownership of the property to the university while allowing tenants to purchase the units. This enables the university to sell the units at a lower price, in hopes of attracting faculty and staff. What’s more, the ground lease will give the university power over who buys future units, ensuring permanent staff housing in designated areas.

“There will be three- to four thousand people living [in West Village] and that’s three- to four thousand people that don’t need to commute from Sacramento or Woodland every day,said Paul Schwartz, facility planner for the RMP.It will reduce traffic and emissions and will be a really positive addition to the campus.

Groundbreaking is set for this spring on phase I, which accounts for 60 percent of the overall project and will cost approximately $2 million. RMP feels confident in the future success of West Village because their previous building project, Aggie Village, was so popular.

“A number of my new faculty who have been hired were really excited about Aggie Village,said English department chair Margarete Ferguson.The idea that there will be smaller houses is good because there aren’t that many small but nice places. So that’s another plus.

West Village will also feature a community college center. RMP has worked with the Los Rios Community College district to make West Village housing available to its students as well, considering many also study on the UC Davis campus.

“We have a long-standing partnership with our local community colleges,Mohr said.A lot of them teach courses here so we wanted to offer this housing because of the program relationship and also as an amenity for the community.

But the planning team promises to put UC Davis students first in their housing needs. The cost of renting a unit will be close to the cost of The Lexington apartments and will be similarly competitive, according to campus real estate services.

RMP is also planning a recreation field, fitness center, pool and lounge areas. In addition, they plan to make West Village environmentally sustainable, complete with photovoltaic panels.

The only opposition the plan has faced has been from residents who live along Russell Boulevard who are concerned about traffic. However, officials believe that the close proximity to campus will encourage residents to walk, ride their bikes or take the bus.

“I think West Village will energize the campus community,Schwartz said.Whenever you add more people, it improves the culture.

More information can be found at westvillage.ucdavis.edu.

LAUREN STEUSSY can be reached at campus@californiaaggie.com.

Campus Judicial Report

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2007-2008 Summary

 

The number of referrals to the Office of Student Judicial Affairs decreased in the 2007-2008 year, but this by no means implies that any less emphasis should be placed upon the issues of academic honesty and social responsibility. SJA handled 618 different academic cases. Sixty-eight different departments referred students for academic misconduct. English, math, psychology, chemistry, and history had the highest number of cases referred.

Two hundred and forty-one students were referred for plagiarism, or reusing work without the instructors permission. Cheating on an exam was the second most common offense. One hundred and seventy-four students were referred for copying off of another student’s exam and 33 were referred for having a cheat sheet or other unauthorized material. Eighteen students were referred for having another person take an exam in their place. Of the 786 referrals for social misconduct, 37 percent of these were for Digital Millennium Copyright Act violations for illegally obtaining or sharing copyrighted material using an on-campus connection.

Most students came to an agreement on a sanction that allowed them to stay in school. Of those who did not, 59 students were suspended or had their graduation delayed, and 13 students were dismissed from the university, primarily for academic violations. Seven percent of students referred to SJA were found not in violation and received no disciplinary sanction.

 

The Campus Judicial Report is compiled by student members of the Campus Judicial Board. Additional information about SJA and the Campus Judicial Board may be found at sja.ucdavis.edu.

 

UC faces $100 million deficit with CA budget

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Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger signed the California 2008-2009 state budget Tuesdayan action that meant mixed news for the University of California, which faces numerous budget challenges in the upcoming year.

While the finalized budget included the $100 million in UC funding that was on the chopping block earlier this year, state funding for UC remains essentially flat. The budget does not provide for increased costs due to inflation or growing enrollment. As a result, the UC system will still face a net shortfall of $100 million in state funding, according to a press release from the UC newsroom.

UC Davis will face a $28.2 million shortfall in fundinga number that could have been much higher, said Kelly Ratliff, assistant vice chancellor for budget resource management.

“It was a very real fear among UC that the new budget would not include the $100 million,she said.If that had happened, UC Davis would have had up to $40 million in budget cuts. It is difficult to wait for the state [to finalize the budget] so [UC Davis] began making plans for potential budget cuts early on in the year. Forty million dollars was a real possibility.

To make up for the $28.2 million shortfall, executive vice chancellor Barbara Horowitz called for a 7 percent budget reduction in all administrative support and academic units.

“Every unit was assigned a budget reduction target of 7 percent,Ratliff said.However, this reduction excluded faculty and teacher’s assistant salaries. In addition, only a 3 percent reduction was applied to Shields Library so the reduction in academic units only ends up being about 2.5 percent overall.

The reduction to administrative support and academic units will account for $16.8 million, leaving an $11.4 million deficit. The university will combat the remaining shortfall with funding from a variety of sources, including $6.8 million from student fees, Ratliff said.

Despite the large cut in funding, UC Davis students should not experience a significant change in their experience on campus, said Chris Carter, principal budget analyst for the office of resource management and planning.

“While many programs will experience budget reductions, I am not aware of any large programs that will be cut completely,he said.With a few exceptions, the budget cuts will be spread equally across different units and programs campuswide.

However, students may not see an end to academic fee increases.

“It is an option that is on the table,Ratliff said.A normal budget process includes all sources of funding, and student fees are one of those sources.

The UC Board of Regents already approved a 7.4 percent increase in students for the 2008-2009 school year in May.

“The student fee decisions are ultimately up to the regents,Carter said.But historically when state funding has been flat or reduced, it has caused more pressure to increase student fees on an annual basis.

While the budget cuts will be applied equally to the 10 UC campuses, Carter said that some campuses will suffer more than others.

“Obviously, the different campuses are in different situations,he said.Campuses that are currently experiencing a lot of growth will feel the reductions more than those that are not.

While UC upheld its promise to accept the top 12.5 percent of California high school students for the 2008-2009 year, it may not be able to continue to do so if the budget situation does not change, Ratliff said.

“The decision has already been made for this year to uphold admission for those students,she said.However, going forward, it will be very difficult to provide that [guarantee] to those students if the state does not provide adequate funding.

ERICA LEE can be reached at campus@californiaaggie.com.

Grande introduction: Full-sized Starbucks to open at ARC

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In a few months, you’ll be able grab an iced venti mocha or a cold sandwich right after working out.

The ARC will open a fully-licensed, Sodexo-operated Starbucks with genuine Starbucks drinks, architecture and merchandise on Jan. 5. ARC officials have been planning to introduce Starbucks for some time, though the move happens to come in a year when the 5-year-old facility has made several cost-cutting moves.

The Starbucks will occupy the space of the now-closed café at the ARC, which was also operated by Sodexho. Despite several attempts to appeal to students such as introducing fruit smoothies and paninis the popularity of the café never took off, said Paul Dorn, assistant director of campus recreation.

“The product line never met any appropriate expectations by the department or student populations here. As a result of fairly low revenue streams, Sodexho couldn’t keep the café open during ARC hours and that was a disappointment to us and to our patrons,Dorn said.

The ARC’s Starbucks will be noise-proof and offer its signature lounge atmosphere, he said.

Though one might find irony in adding a restaurant that serves 300-calorie drinks in a recreation building, Dorn said that Starbucks will offer nutritional choices, and that the project has been vetted and reviewed through Student Affairs, the university administration and the Campus Recreation Advisory Board.

But even at the prior café, coffee was the hottest-selling item, Dorn said. With the new Starbucks,the brand strength will allow it to have greater patronage, he said.

As with the prior café, Campus Recreation will get a share of Starbucksprofits, which will go into its general income line. Recreation officials projectmuch better patronage, which will yield much better revenue [to] pay student salaries and maintain equipment.

The ASUCD Coffee House is not expected to be negatively impacted by the impending arrival of Starbucks, said director Sharon Coulson.

“The CoHo is a destination point itself and we already hold our own in the competition that surrounds us,she said.

In another cost-reducing move, the ARC no longer rents locks, table tennis balls, badminton shuttlecocks and racquetballs. The latter three items are available for individual purchase at the ARC’s Pro Shop for $0.23, $2.50 and $1.50, respectively.

The cost of repairing, replacing, and administering the lease of the equipment became cost-prohibitive, Dorn said. The new policy will save the department approximately $1,000 per month, he said.

ARC officials say there have been no complaints about the new policy, and students don’t seem to be particularly angry.

“Though it is still an inconvenience for students who may only want to play at the ARC every once in a while and don’t want to buy the equipment, it is not a very drastic one,said Erica Oropeza, an ASUCD senator and senior sociology major.Considering that [the fees] are still on a relatively small scale, it can be understandable because these items may undergo continuous wear & tear and the replacement costs may just be too much for the ARC to withstand.

But Anna Harris, a junior biological sciences major, said she rented locks and finds the new policy inconvenient.

“I think that if students are paying fees to use the ARC, they should be able to rent the equipment they might need,she said.

According to ARC officials, last school year 1.1 million people visited the facility for fitness and another 1.2 million people visited the ARC to attend training sessions, workshops, commencements and other meetings.

 

PATRICK McCARTNEY can be reached at campus@californiaaggie.com.

New computer lab opens in library

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Students now have another option for computing on campus.

The Department of Information & Educational Technology services recently opened their latest of eight open access computer labs on campus at 182 Shields Library, replacing the IT express help desk.

The project was initiated over the summer as a result of collaborations between Shields Library and IET Academic Technology Services, and cost approximately $55,000 of computer lab funds. said Liz Gibson, director of IET-ATS in an e-mail interview.

Shields 182 is the largest open access computer lab, and one of only three labs to be open until midnight Monday through Thursday during the academic year.

“There are actually 38 total computerssaid computer lab assistant Jimmy Liang.We have 21 10-minute standup stations – 19 PCs and 2 macs-and 17 sit down stations15 PCs and 2 macs.

The lab opened one day before the start of fall quarter and had its first client at 9:13 a.m. on Sept. 24, according to an article published by IET tech news.

“Although this lab will alleviate some of the pressure, we unfortunately anticipate that the computer labs may continue to experience lineups throughout the year, especially during peak demand times,Gibson said. We have already experienced some lineups at 182 Shields.

Between its first day of operation and Monday, the computer lab has recorded a total of approximately 4,500 users logging on.

“The drive to do this came from a combined effort by the library and IET,said Mark Stinson, manager of client services in Information and Educational technology.

IET services made the decision to replace the IT express help desk with the computer lab after receiving numerous requests for more computers in the library. The majority of help requests the IT desk received were for resetting passwordsa service that could easily be relocated.

“Since this was the primary service provided by the desk we decided that we could close down the IET express help desk, Stinson said.

Passwords can now be reset at 6 open access labs on campus and the remainder of the IT help desk’s services are now offered exclusively through telephone and Internet.

“Obviously with these things we’d like to have more space everywhere and a better budget so we could have the desk and more computer labs,Stinson said.But the help desk was very expensive because it had to be staffed, and now that passwords can be reset anywhere, everything seems to have fit together wonderfully.

 

CHARLES HINRIKSSON can be reached at campus@californiaaggie.com.

Seattle’s Cave Singers to rock the Coho

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With a new school year under way and campus filled with fresh faces, there’s change in the air. But sometimes it’s comforting to run into an old friendor an old tradition like concerts in the Coffee House on campus.

Today at 7 p.m. the ASUCD Entertainment Council and Michael Leahy will give students a chance to see the year’s first Coffee House show with Seattle-based band The Cave Singers as headliners. The show is $5 and is open to all ages. Tickets can be purchased at the door or at the Freeborn Box Office. Sacramento folk-trio Silver Darling and local duo Oh Footwhich includes freshman Zachary Baumanwill provide opening tunes.

Leahy, DJ forCool As Folkon KDVS 90.3 FM and concert organizer for Sophia’s Thai Kitchen, said the event balances the need to feature up-and-coming local bands along with established acts like The Cave Singers, who are currently on tour with Calexico and opened for Death Cab for Cutie last April in Freeborn Hall.

“[The Cave Singers] have a really great sound,he said.It’s a raw and kind of dirty rock blues sound with strong percussion. They can drive a crowd and get people singing, stomping and clapping along.

Leahy said the show addressesat least in partthe common complaint that concerts in Davis are too expensive and only for those 21 and over.

Entertainment Council Director Thongxy Phansopha said that working with on and off campus groups to bring shows and events to Davis is a priority for the EC this year.

“On campus events are in high demand,he said in an e-mail.We like to utilize the Coho when we can because it has a centralized location on campus that every student knows.

Coming off a recent Sacramento show celebrating the release of their first full-length album, Your Ghost Fits My Skin, Silver Darling are set to perform these new songs tonight in Davis. The record was released through Leahy’s Crossbill Records and produced by local artist Christian Kiefer.

“We recorded the new album … in Sacramento on Neil Young’s old tape machine,said Kevin Lee, the group’s lead singer, in an e-mail interview.The songs are about the human spirit dying and coming back to life again.

Lee said he is enthusiastic about performing with The Cave Singers.

“They are a great band,he said.We played with them last year at the now defunct Cool Cat Gallery in Sacramento and they ruled.

Lee said that journalists never fail to ask him about his perspective on the Sacramento music scene.

“I think it is because people feel like the scene is terrible … or nonexistent,he said, adding that even setting up a show in Davis for an acclaimed band like The Cave Singers proved to be a struggle.

On the other hand, Leahy noted that The Cave Singers specifically wanted to play in Davis and that the show was actually an extra concert in their schedule.

But to keep more shows coming, Leahy said that people need to come out and have a good time.

“Everyone’s in this together,he said.The most important part of the equation is for the fans to come out, keep things going and be the scene’s heartbeat.

 

ZACK FREDERICK can be reached at arts@californiaaggie.com.

‘Bomb’ strikes back

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If the best medicine for a struggling team is the sweet taste of victory, then the Aggies should be feeling much better.

After dropping seven of their first 10 and four of their last five, No. 15 UC Davis turned it around this weekend, winning three of four – all against Western Water Polo Association teams.

The problem in the past for the Aggies was their inability to find the back of the cage.

This weekend was a different story.

The team stepped up and scored when it mattered. Led by senior Adam Bennetts 11-goal performance, the Aggies scored a total of 35 goals in their first 3 games. Bennett was one goal short of having his sixth consecutive hat trick and scored 23 goals in the past eight games.

“It was really nice to get some wins in, Bennett said. “I feel like our team really needed a lift, and we got it this weekend.

 

Saturday – UC Davis 12, Redlands 7

The Aggies started off the weekend on the right foot, bursting out to an early 6-2 lead in the beginning of the second quarter. Normally only mentioned when talking about the defensive side of the pool, senior Danny Driscoll took the game into his own hands, scoring a hat trick in the first half alone.

Driscolls hat trick, along with two other three-goal performances – courtesy of Bennett and senior Paul Wilson – helped lead UC Davis to a 12-7 victory against No. 16 Redlands, who went on to beat No. 13 Santa Clara later that day.

“This was a solid win for us, Wilson said, who totaled nine goals this weekend. “They are a better team than we thought they were. So it was really good to get that first win of the weekend under our belt.

Saturday – UC Davis 19, Cal Lutheran 7

If there was still any question that the Aggies were having a tough time scoring, they put that doubt to rest.

It truly was raining goals as 14 different Aggies scored in the crucifying of Cal Lutheran.

Bennett raked in another hat trick, but the surprising attacks came from a couple of two-goal performances.

A little Marin magic helped goalie Eric Quinn score two full-tank heaves in the first half, while fellow Marin native junior Mattie Stone found the back of the cage twice, although he had yet to attempt a shot prior to Saturdays nightcap.

 

Sunday – UC Davis 14, Occidental 4

The spread out scoring continued Sunday when 11 different Aggies ousted Occidentals optimistic hopes of a win.

Wilson led the squad with a hat-trick performance, and Bennett followed with a two-goal game.

 

Sunday – No. 13 Santa Clara 10, UC Davis 8

After three solid wins, UC Davis was looking to take out the broom for the weekend sweep, but Santa Claras Jack Wall was the one doing the cleaning up.

The Bronco junior swept the pool with a six-goal performance, crushing the Aggies hope of getting their record back to .500 and a Slugfest sweep.

UC Davis led on numerous occasions, including most of the first half, but could not hold off the Bronco charge.

Wilson tied the game at 6-6 midway through the third period, but Wall struck again to give Santa Clara the lead that they never gave up.

“It was really nice to get three wins this weekend, but we really wanted this one. Wilson said.

The Aggies move to 6-8 and 4-2 in conference play. The team takes a week off, and then returns on Oct. 11 for an 11-game homestand.

 

SAMMY BRASCH can be reached at sports@californiaaggie.com.

Aggie Digest

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Women’s soccer

The UC Davis women’s soccer team can only hope league play goes this well.

In the 88th minute on Sunday, Samantha Faber scored on a free kick from 30 yards out to lift UC Davis to a 2-1 victory over Nevada in Reno. The win was the fourth straight for the Aggies and served as a final tune-up before their Big West Conference opener Friday at Long Beach State.

UC Davisfirst goal came in the 44th minute when Gabina Bowlman headed Lauren Huntley’s long throw-in past Wolf Pack goalie Sarah Hunt.

The Aggies headed into halftime with the 1-0 lead looking to close Nevada out, but Sarah Wolfe quickly tied the game out of the break with a one-timer assisted by Samantha Miller at 46:40.

It would be the last shot Nevada would get.

After the score, the Wolf Pack were held without a shot on goal for the rest of the contest. The Aggies, meanwhile, made Miller contest three shots, the last of which was Faber’s free kick that put them up for good.

With the victory, Nevada stayed winless at 0-7-2, and UC Davis avenged a 4-1 loss last season at Aggie Soccer Stadium.

Of the nine Big West teams, UC Davis finished with the top non-conference record at 5-2-2. It will hope to carry over its success on Friday against the 49ers at 3 p.m.

 

Michael Gehlken

Guest opinion: Haiti in dire need of help

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Editor’s note: Tiffany Gilmore is a graduate student at UC Davis who wrote into The Aggie to raise awareness of the plight faced by Haitian citizens after the recent hurricane.

 

Haiti, the focus of this year’s Campus Community Book Project book, Mountains Beyond Mountains, is a country that never fully mourns its current tragedy before moving on to another. When we think of Haiti, most think of extreme poverty, chronic political unrest or the masses of boat people struggling to reach the United States. If we think of Haiti, it may be sporadically when it pops up in the news as it has recently for being hit with a barrage of hurricanes and tropical storms. Most don’t realize the full scope of storm damage in Haiti.

This August, Haiti was hit with four severe storms in quick succession and the repercussions are almost unimaginable. The destruction from hurricanes in a country already faced with minimal infrastructure is staggering: flooded streets, mudslides and death counts numbering in the thousands from flood-related illness.

In the aftermath of Hurricane Ike, many Haitians went three to four days (or longer) with no access to food or clean water. The storms have washed out six major bridges and many mountainous roads are underwater or impassable. The United Nations and various relief organizations have been unable to access several of the cities hardest hit by the storms and have had to air or boat transport much needed supplies into remote areas. Because of the difficulty in accessing these remote areas, an accurate tally of the destruction is not yet known.

During the 2008 hurricane season, CNN coverage has shown UN troops in full riot gear pushing against a frantic mob and a young woman screaming as she lay tangled in the razor wire that separated UN troops from the hungry Haitians. It is the overwhelming need and devastation in Haiti that has traditionally characterized Haiti’s international image. One CNN reporter covering the destruction in the coastal city of Gonaives characterized the Haitians asthe damned.Yet, despite being less than 800 miles off the coast of Florida, Haiti and her problems often seem very distant to her northern neighbors.

This is somewhat surprising given the long and entwined histories between the U.S. and Haiti. Few Americans know that Haiti had the first successful slave revolution and was the second independent republic in the Western hemisphere. Even fewer know how U.S. policy has created many of Haiti’s historic and current problems. The U.S.s irresponsible policy in Haiti has spanned from trade embargos, refusal to recognize the independent nation, military occupation in the early 20th century, which included rewriting the Haitian constitution to reflect the interests of U.S. businesses, and supporting brutal and violent dictators like the Duvaliers. These, among other problematic policies, have thwarted Haiti’s struggle for democracy and self-sufficiency.

As a graduate student working on Haiti, I have visited Haiti and seen cities like Gonaives and the effects of irresponsible foreign policies. I first traveled to Haiti in August 2007 on a human rights investigation delegation touring much of the country. Gonaives is a significant city in Haitian history; several protests were staged there against the U.S. supported dictator, Jean ClaudeBaby DocDuvalier in the 1980s. In 2007, many of Gonaivescity roads were impassable due to craters, construction debris or broken rebar jutting from aborted rebuilding efforts. Bare-bottomed children watched us from shells of buildings; Gonaives looked more like a city at war than one lost to the elements. Children competed with pigs and stray dogs for food from the large piles of garbage. Filthy canals ran along the doorways of the buildings; this city of 300,000 people has never had a single, integrated sewer system. When heavy rains hit this coastal city, these canals overflow directly into homes. Torrential amounts of rain with no drainage system have turned the cities into muddy rivers washing away homes, livestock and access to potable water.

Much of Haiti’s rural population attempts to survive on subsistence farming. This year’s hurricanes have devastated crop production in Haiti, meaning an increased reliance on food imports when even the U.S. is struggling with the rising cost of food. Earlier this year, Haiti made the international news with its food riots: too many hungry mouths, too little affordable food. Deforestation and a quintupling cost of agricultural supplies like fertilizer have made even subsistence farming difficult if not impossible for many of Haiti’s poor.

By the time of my visit to Gonaives in 2007, the city looked much as it did in 2004: Rebuilding is too costly for residents living on less than $2 U.S. a day. Since the devastating hurricanes of the last decade, Gonaives has seen an exodus of its citizens heading to marginally more functional cities like the capital, Port au Prince, which is already straining to accommodate twice as many people as it was designed to hold. Many peasants leave rural homes in search of employment in the capital. Unfortunately, there are not enough jobs or food. These migrants are forced to live on the streets or in terrible slums like Cite Soleil, the most notorious and dangerous slum in the Western hemisphere.

Anywhere between 100,000 and 200,000 people try to survive in this urban wasteland with no electricity, potable water, sanitation system, trash collection or stores. Here you’ll see themud biscuits“-mud and clay mixed with a few spices and left to harden in the hot Haitian sun-they are all many mothers have to feed their hungry children. Violence is common in Cite Soleil. The few remaining skeletons of buildings are riddled with bullet holes and the air is noxious with the smell of burning trash and human waste. Tiny homes made of cardboard often house 10 or more people who must sleep in shifts on the dirt floor.

When hurricanes and heavy rains hit Haiti, they turn communities like Cite Soleil into cesspools. It is no surprise then, that the life expectancy in places like these urban slums is less than 50 years. Living conditions such as this exacerbate the spread of diseases all but eradicated in the developed world. Malnutrition, Tuberculosis, Typhoid, intestinal worms, skin parasites and the highest HIV/AIDS rate in the Western hemisphere are common, and often untreated, in Haiti.

Hospitals are critically understaffed and undersupplied. Patients need to buy all materials for their diagnosis and treatment, including examination rubber gloves. One woman reported having to turn the keys to her house to the doctor as guarantee of payment before he would treat her feverish child.

Now, with nothing to drink except filthy flood water contaminated with human and animal waste, the need for healthcare in Haiti is more dire than ever. With standing floodwater, there is a surge of mosquito transmitted illnesses: Malaria and Dengue Fever among the most serious. Many Haitians have no way to reach clinics. Many clinics do not have the supplies needed to treat the swell in flood-related illnesses.

The desperation in Haiti has even caught the attention of a few celebrities. Wyclef Jean, a Haitian-born musician, and Matt Damon (from the Bourne movie series and Good Will Hunting) recently went to Haiti to distribute food and water. When interviewed by CNN, both Mr. Jean and Mr. Damon called for increased efforts from the international community to help Haiti.

Though international aid was sent to repair Gonaives in 2004 after Hurricane Jeanne, much of it never reached the intended recipients. Haiti’s political history is a complicated map of corruption, coup d’etats and foreign-supported dictators. Many have channeled international aid earmarked for relief efforts into their own coffers, making well-meaning foreigners understandably reluctant to donate to non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and non-profits when there is little to no accountability for funds. Therefore, it is critical to be certain that the organization is credible and accountable for funds.

Despite all this bad news, there are several highly accountable NGOs making remarkable change in Haiti in the immediate scale of hurricane relief and in long terms goals such as public health, education and financial literacy. Partners in Health (or Zanmi Lasante in Creole) is working hard to meet the increased need for healthcare in Haiti in the wake of the storms. PIH works in the Central Plateau of Haiti, one of the poorest rural areas in the country. Started by Dr. Paul Farmer, an American with degrees in medicine and anthropology, Partners in Health has revolutionized public health in the developing world. Dr. Farmer practicespragmatic solidarity,meaning that the clinic approaches healing holistically: they treat not only the symptoms of disease but the conditions of extreme poverty including inadequate food, housing and education. Since the hurricanes in Haiti, Partners in Health has increased their efforts. According to their website, PIH Medical Director Joia Mukherjee estimates that about 1 million people, or 12 percent of the total population, have been displaced throughout the country. Zanmi Lasante is housing and feeding over 7,000 of these displaced people in makeshift shelters.

The life work of Dr. Farmer and PIH is chronicled in this year’s Campus Community Book Project book, Mountains Beyond Mountains (2004). Sponsored by the Office of Campus Community Relations, various programs in fall quarter will explore the themes of the book, including efforts of several entrepreneurs who work with Paul Farmer to make a difference in Haiti. Several Davis organizations have already gotten involved in Hurricane relief efforts to Haiti. The Davis Religious Community for Sanctuary has already sent over $600 dollars to Haiti through the organization Rights Action. You can learn more about how to help PIH’s hurricane relief efforts from their website, www.pih.org or link there from the Campus Community Book Project’s website: http://occr.ucdavis.edu/ccbp2008/index.html underresources.